Intro to Earth Science 

What is Earth Science?

Study of natural sciences, including Earth’s structure, properties, and processes

Branches of Earth Science

• ==Geology==
• ==Oceanography==
• ==environmental Science==
• ==Astronomy==
• ==Meteorology==

%%Geology%%-Scientific study of the structure of earth

%%Oceanography%%-Study of ocean’s movement

%%Meteorology%%-Study of weather a climate

%%Astronomy%%-study of the universe

%%Environmental Science%%-study of humans interacting with environment

Earth’s Systems

• 4 major branches-
• ^^Atmosphere^^
• ^^Biosphere^^
• ^^Geosphere^^
• ^^Hydrosphere^^

==Cartography==-science of map making

Lines of latitude are continues

Lines of longitude go from one point to another

Degrees of latitude and longitude

• latitude is constant, evenly spaced
• Longitude varies, spacing changes

%%map projections%%

1. %%mercator projection: parallel line of latitude and longitude%%

   %%area of landmass is distorted%%

2. %%Conic Projection:projection of globe on paper (coned shaped)%%

   %%land at top of map is distorted%%

3. %%Gnomonic Projection:Projection of single point from globe%%

   %%most distortion%%

   ==Topographic map==

   ==shows changes in elevation of an area==

   ==useful for city planning or understanding layout of area==

   Contour lines- connects point equal elevation on map never cross

   Contour Ineral- difference in elevation between two contour lines

   Geologic Map

   used to show distribution, arrangement and type of rock below soil

   map legend=Explains symbols on a map

   map scale=Ratio distance on a map and actual distance on Earth

   ^^Remote Sensing^^

   Process of gathering data about earth using instruments on satellites and other air borne crafts

   @@land satellites@@

   Record reflected wavelength of energy from earth’s surface

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