ITN_Module_2

2.1 Cisco IOS Access

Operating Systems

• Shell: User interface for tasks via CLI or GUI.

• Kernel: Manages hardware and software communication.

• Hardware: Physical components of a computer.

2.2 IOS Navigation

Command Modes

• User EXEC Mode: Limited commands, CLI prompt ends with >.

• Privileged EXEC Mode: Full access, CLI prompt ends with #.

Configuration Modes

• Global Configuration Mode: Configure device options.

• Line Configuration Mode: Configure access methods.

• Interface Configuration Mode: Configure switch/router interfaces.

2.3 The Command Structure

Basic IOS Command Structure

• Keyword: Predefined parameters in OS (e.g., ip protocols).

• Argument: User-defined value (e.g., 192.168.10.5).

Command Syntax

• Commands and Keywords: Boldface indicates actual text, italics for user-defined variables.

• Command Syntax Features: Useful for verifying commands or arguments.

2.4 Basic Device Configuration

Device Names

• Set a unique hostname as first configuration step.

Password Guidelines

• Implement strong passwords for admin access with encryption.

Configuring Passwords

• User EXEC Mode: Set password in line console configuration.

• Privileged EXEC Mode: Use enable secret for password.

2.5 Save Configurations

Configuration Files

• Startup-config: Stored in NVRAM, device boot configuration.

• Running-config: Current configuration in RAM, changes effective immediately.

Saving Changes

• Use copy running-config startup-config to save.

2.6 Ports and Addresses

IP Addresses

• Used for device communication. IPv4 in dotted-decimal format, subnet mask differentiates network/host.

Interface and Ports

• Device interfaces and connections based on cable types.

2.7 Configure IP Addressing

Manual IP Configuration

• Configure IP manually or via DHCP on Windows.

DHCP

• Automatically configures IP for DHCP-enabled devices.

2.8 Verify Connectivity

Testing

• Use commands like ping to verify communication and connectivity.