Intertextuality

INTERTEXTUALITY

• Intertextuality is a method of text development.

• It incorporates elements of an original text into a new work.

OBJECTIVES

• Understand the concept of intertextuality.

• Determine key elements of intertextuality.

• Identify intertext as a method of text development.

LA TERRE A LA LUNE

• Astronomers Louville and Hak noted bizarre light patterns during an eclipse.

• Historical observations raise questions about lunar phenomena from earlier centuries.

MOVIE EXAMPLES

• "Coco" (2017): Importance of family and honoring traditions.

• "Crazy Rich Asians" (2018): Cultural differences and family expectations in relationships.

• "Tanging Yaman" (2000): Family conflicts and reconciliation.

CONTEXT

• Context shapes the writer's work (social, cultural, historical factors).

• Example: A personal narrative about summer vacation relates to personal experiences and environment.

SUBJECT

• Main topics can include culture, history, politics, society, etc.

PURPOSE

• Reasons for writing may include to narrate, compare, review, explain, explore, argue, or persuade.

AUDIENCE

• Influences tone, style, diction, and organization of the text.

OCCASION OR SITUATION

• Personal motivations that compel the writer to write about specific topics.

INTERTEXTUALITY METHODS

• Defined as merging imitation and creation.

• Modeling a text’s meaning based on another text.

• Involves connections in language, images, characters, themes depending on similarities.

HISTORY

• Roots traced to Ferdinand de Saussure's work.

• Term introduced by Julia Kristeva in the 1960s.

METHOD DEFINITIONS

• Retelling: Restatement of a story or narrative.

• Quotation: Directly lifting statements from another text.

• Allusion: Reference to another text's idea or passage without quotation.

• Pastiche: Mimicking another text’s style without satire.

• Parody: Imitation for comedic effect.

• Adaptation: Transformation of a work into another medium.

• Calque: Word-for-word translation possibly altering meaning.

• Translation: Conversion of one language to another, retaining meaning.

RETELLING EXAMPLES

• Old and New Testament passages.

• Shakespeare’s "Romeo and Juliet" parallels.

ALLUSIONS EXAMPLES

• Harper Lee’s "To Kill a Mockingbird" mentions historical events.

• Haruki Murakami’s "1Q84" alludes to Orwell’s "1984".

PASTICHE EXAMPLES

• E.L. James’ "Fifty Shades of Gray" incorporates Twilight characters.

• Milan Kundera references 18th-century literature.

PARODY EXAMPLE

• "Pride and Prejudice with Zombies" by Seth Grahame-Smith as a comedic adaptation of Austen’s work.

QUESTIONS TO VALIDATE INTERTEXT

• Are there multiple stories involved?

• Does it have direct or indirect connections to another work?

FORMS OF INTERTEXTUALITY

• Brief or long references to literary texts or social texts.

• Mentioning films, TV shows, songs, or societal events.

TYPES OF INTERTEXTUALITY

• Obligatory: Deliberate references essential for understanding.

• Optional: References enhance but are non-essential.

• Accidental: Reader-created connections not intended by the author.

OBLIGATORY EXAMPLE

• Shakespeare's characters in Stoppard’s "Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead".

OPTIONAL EXAMPLE

• J.K. Rowling’s subtle allusions in the "Harry Potter" series.

ACCIDENTAL EXAMPLE

• Reader draws parallels between "Moby Dick" and Biblical stories, a connection not likely intended by Melville.