LESSON-3.pptx-1

Rizal's National Consciousness

Objectives

• Identify Rizal's higher education and experiences abroad.

• Discuss La Solidaridad and the Propaganda Movement as platforms for reformist ideas, promoting unity and national awareness during Spanish colonization.

• Reflect on Rizal's principles of patriotism, education, and civic responsibility and their relevance in contemporary nation-building efforts.

Jose Rizal's Formative Years

• Francisco Rizal sent his son, Jose, to school in Manila at age eleven.

• Rizal's brother Paciano studied under Fr. Jose Burgos at the College of San Jose.

• Fr. Burgos was executed, stirring discontent in Jose and marking early influences on his political thought.

Early Education

• Jose received early education at home before attending Ateneo Municipal de Manila.

• He had private tutors but demonstrated advanced abilities, leading to an early admission to Ateneo.

• A significant moment of injustice influenced his outlook when his mother, Teodora Alonso, was falsely accused and imprisoned.

The Imprisonment and Release of Dona Teodora

• During Rizal's time at Ateneo, his mother faced imprisonment due to a false accusation of conspiracy.

• The situation was resolved after a plea from a young girl (Rizal's sister Soledad), demonstrating flaws in the justice system of their time.

• Events like the execution of Gomburza and Teodora's imprisonment profoundly impacted Rizal and solidified his resolve against oppression.

Execution of Gomburza

• On January 20, 1872, Filipino soldiers and mestizos revolted in Cavite due to the abolition of their privileges.

• Three priests, known as Gomburza (Fr. Mariano Gomez, Fr. Jose Burgos, Fr. Jacinto Zamora), were executed following the revolt.

Rizal's Education at Ateneo Municipal de Manila

• Rizal initially faced challenges during admission due to being small for his age but was admitted with the support of Fr. Jose Bech.

• He won accolades at Ateneo, becoming the top student, earning medals in Latin, poetry, and graduating with honors in Bachelor of Arts.

• Influential works during this time included "The Count of Monte Cristo" and Dr. Feodor Jagor’s "Travels in the Philippines," which spurred his commitment to education and reform.

Early Writings on Education

• While at Ateneo, Rizal won a poetry prize for "A La Juventud Filipina" and flourished academically, gaining recognition as a leader and scholar.

• His struggle with the Spanish language led to eventual proficiency encouraged by Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez, further motivating him to write.

Rizal's Scholastic Records

• Rizal's four years at Ateneo were marked by significant academic success, garnering excellent ratings in numerous subjects.

Education at the University of Sto. Tomas

• After a year studying Philosophy and Letters at UST, Rizal transitioned to a medical program to help his mother's eyesight.

• Rizal faced discrimination and dissatisfaction with the outdated teaching methods at UST, ultimately seeking education abroad.

Rizal's Life Abroad

• In 1882, Rizal secretly left for Spain to continue his studies, supported by his brother Paciano.

• He traveled across various countries, witnessing differing societal attitudes that shaped his worldview.

• In Spain, he connected with fellow Filipino nationalists, wrote articles, expanded his library, and began drafting his literary works.

The Propaganda Movement

• The purpose of propaganda is to spread information in support of a cause; it is often used negatively when associated with deceptive practices.

• Rizal became part of a vibrant activist community in Spain, which exposed him to ideas of liberalism and the concept of assimilation.

La Solidaridad

• La Solidaridad was a key organization for Filipino liberals in Spain, with Rizal contributing significantly.

• His works included "The Letter to the Young Women of Malolos" and "The Philippines, A Century Hence," both articulating thoughts on national identity and reform.

Noli Me Tangere

• Noli Me Tangere, written between 1884 and 1887, critiques societal issues in the Philippines and highlights themes of suffering and sacrifice.

• Rizal personally designed its cover, using symbolism to address the social conditions of his time.

• The book was published on March 21, 1887, and became a central text in Philippine nationalism.