BIO Midterm Review

Transformation - uptake of external DNA

Cloning - plasmid used to make multiple copies of DNA

Restriction enzymes - cuts DNA into specific fragments

Recombinant DNA - DNA made in a lab that combines genetic material from multiple sources

Genetic engineering - lab-based tech to alter DNA

Transgenic - organism with DNA from elsewhere artificially introduced

Plasmid - DNA separate from chromosomes that replicates independently

Gel electrophoresis - separate nucleic acids according to molecule size

Biotechnology - advances in molecular biology in other fields

PCR (polymerase chain reaction) - denature and renature short segments of DNA using polymerase

Genomics - study of the complete set of DNA

Bioinformatics - capture and intrepretation of biological data