Cold War Overview and Key Events Pt 2

The Cold War is a prolonged period marked by tension between the United States and the Soviet Union, characterized by indirect conflict.
It consists of a series of proxy wars, which are fought in third-party countries rather than directly between the two superpowers.

Divided Korea at the 38^{th} Parallel:
- North Korea: Communist
- South Korea: Democratic Capitalist
Initiation:
- North Korea invades South Korea, prompting a response.
- UN forces led by the United States support the South.
Escalation:
- South Korean forces cross the 38^{th} parallel, increasing tensions.
Conclusion:
- A ceasefire was signed in 1953, effectively leaving the war unresolved.
- No formal treaty ended the conflict; the division persists to this day.

Another significant proxy conflict reflecting Cold War tensions regarding communism and democracy.

Stalin was known for his repressive regime and hardline communist practices.
Upon his death, the Soviet Union began a process referred to as destalinization.

Definition: A slight movement towards democratization in the Soviet Union following Stalin's death.
Characteristics:
- Very minimal changes; not a significant shift towards full democracy.
- Acknowledged struggles within the Soviet society due to repression of free thought.
Consequences:
- Emergence of limited free thinking and exchange of ideas among the Soviet populace.
- Potential unrest in satellite states (Eastern Europe) as people challenged the totalitarian rule imposed on them.

People's Response:
- Satellite nations, previously subjected to Soviet control, began to express dissatisfaction with communism.
- Growing movements for liberation and criticism of oppressive rulers.
- Recognition that many of these nations did not choose communism voluntarily.

The Cold War era is marked not just by the actions of the superpowers but also by the voices and choices of the nations caught in between.
Discussions concerning freedom of speech and governance will be explored in further detail in subsequent lectures, especially focusing on the changes after destalinization.