Chemistry: Solutions and Mixtures

Solutions and Mixtures

Basic Definitions

• Solution: A mixture that has a uniform composition.
  • Examples of Components:
  • Color
  • Density
  • Taste

Processes Involved in Solutions

• Dissolution Process: The process of forming a solution, where a solute dissolves in a solvent.

Types of Mixtures

• Alloy: A mixture of metals combined with another element.
  • Contains a larger amount of one metal and smaller amounts of others.

Concentration of Solutions

• Concentrated Solution: A solution that has a larger amount of solute relative to the solvent, also known as a strong solution.
• Dilute Solution: A solution that contains a smaller amount of solute relative to the solvent.

Types of Solutions Based on Saturation

• Saturated Solution: A solution that cannot dissolve any more solute at a given temperature and pressure.
• Unsaturated Solution: A solution that can still dissolve more solute.
• Supersaturated Solution: A solution that contains more solute than it can normally hold at a given temperature.

Components of a Solution

• Solute: The substance that is dissolved in a solution (e.g., salt, sugar).
  • Typically present in a smaller amount.
• Solvent: The substance in which the solute is dissolved (e.g., water).
  • Present in a larger amount, facilitating the dissolution process.