American Pageant Chapter 7 APUSH Review (Period 3)
1763 End of 7 Years War, England in debt, salutary neglect comes to an end, Pontiacs Rebellion contributes to Proclamation Act of 1763, etc.
King George III & Prime Minister George Grenville advocated for acts to increase revenue.
Sugar Act (1764) passed on sugar to raise revenue
Also stricter enforcement of Navigation Acts & crackdown on smuggling (Violators be tried in Vice-admiralty courts)
Quartering Act (1765) colonists required to provide food & housing for British soldiers
Stamp Act (1765) placed a tax on a variety of legal documents & items
Passed without consent of the colonial legislatures
Virginia Resolves by Patrick Henry in House of Burgesses
Stamp Act Congress- reps from 9 colonies met to oppose British policies. move towards inter-colonial unity
Sons of Liberty and Daughters of Liberty: Secret organization that at times used violence to disrupt enforcement of the act Theater
More radical group because they were more violent, tarring and attacking officials.
Boycotts (Nonimportation agreements) against British imports were the most effective form of resistance!
Parliament voted to repeal Stamp Act
After the Stamp Act was repealed: Declaratory Act (1766): England says they still have power over the colonies
Charles Townshend becomes new chancellor of the exchequer & proposed his own revenue plan
Townshend Act (1767): tax on imports such as paper, tea, glass, etc.
$ would be used to pay royal officials in the colonies (previously paid by colonial assemblies)
Could search private homes for goods by getting a writ of assistance (rather than a warrant)
John Dickinson "Letters From a Farmer in Pennsylvania" argued "no taxation without representation"
England argues "virtual representation"
Colonists created nonimportation & non- consumption agreements
Boycott British goods
Daughters of Liberty organized "spinning bees"
England was losing more money than it was generating...
Townshend duties repealed in 1770
Boston “Massacre” (1770): British troops open fire near the customer house killing 5 colonists
Paul Revere’s engraving used as pro-colonial propaganda
John Adams defends the British soldiers against murder charges
Committees of Correspondence (1772) led by Samuel Adams were used to keep up communication & Resistance to British policies
Tea Act (1773): gave a monopoly to the British East India Company
British tea was still cheaper than smuggled tea
Colonists still opposed the Tea Act- opposed the idea that Parliament could tax the colonies
Boston Tea Party (1773): Members of the Sons of Liberty dumped tea into Boston harbor
Some colonists resisted the action: destruction -of private property
As a result, the British Passes the Coercive Acts(1774):
Boston port was closed until property was paid for
Drastically reduced power of Mass. legislature & banned town hall meetings
Quartering Act expanded
Royal officials accused of a crime would be put on trial in England
The colonists were outraged and called the Coercive Acts the Intolerable Acts
Suffolk Resolves: boycott British goods until the intolerable Acts were repealed
Extended the boundary of Quebec into the Ohio Valley
Roman Catholicism established as official religion
Government allowed to operate without representative assembly or trial by jury
Colonists claimed the land in the Ohio Valley was for them
Protestant colonists not happy about Catholicism
Will England try to take away representative government in the colonies?
In response to the Intolerable Acts
All colonies (except Georgia) send representatives to meet in Philly in September 1774
Wanted to repair their relationship with England
Not Calling for Independence
Adopted the Declaration of Rights & Grievances
Endorsed the Suffolk Resolves
Created the Association to coordinate economic boycott
Started making military preparations
Planned to meet again in May 1775
British troops led by Gen. Gage left Boston to seize colonial weapons & arrest Sam Adams & John Hancock
Minutemen warned by Paul Revere & William Dawes
"Shot heard round the world" as 8 colonists killed at Lexington (April 1775)
Another battle took place at Concord
Start of fighting of the American Revolution!
1763 End of 7 Years War, England in debt, salutary neglect comes to an end, Pontiacs Rebellion contributes to Proclamation Act of 1763, etc.
King George III & Prime Minister George Grenville advocated for acts to increase revenue.
Sugar Act (1764) passed on sugar to raise revenue
Also stricter enforcement of Navigation Acts & crackdown on smuggling (Violators be tried in Vice-admiralty courts)
Quartering Act (1765) colonists required to provide food & housing for British soldiers
Stamp Act (1765) placed a tax on a variety of legal documents & items
Passed without consent of the colonial legislatures
Virginia Resolves by Patrick Henry in House of Burgesses
Stamp Act Congress- reps from 9 colonies met to oppose British policies. move towards inter-colonial unity
Sons of Liberty and Daughters of Liberty: Secret organization that at times used violence to disrupt enforcement of the act Theater
More radical group because they were more violent, tarring and attacking officials.
Boycotts (Nonimportation agreements) against British imports were the most effective form of resistance!
Parliament voted to repeal Stamp Act
After the Stamp Act was repealed: Declaratory Act (1766): England says they still have power over the colonies
Charles Townshend becomes new chancellor of the exchequer & proposed his own revenue plan
Townshend Act (1767): tax on imports such as paper, tea, glass, etc.
$ would be used to pay royal officials in the colonies (previously paid by colonial assemblies)
Could search private homes for goods by getting a writ of assistance (rather than a warrant)
John Dickinson "Letters From a Farmer in Pennsylvania" argued "no taxation without representation"
England argues "virtual representation"
Colonists created nonimportation & non- consumption agreements
Boycott British goods
Daughters of Liberty organized "spinning bees"
England was losing more money than it was generating...
Townshend duties repealed in 1770
Boston “Massacre” (1770): British troops open fire near the customer house killing 5 colonists
Paul Revere’s engraving used as pro-colonial propaganda
John Adams defends the British soldiers against murder charges
Committees of Correspondence (1772) led by Samuel Adams were used to keep up communication & Resistance to British policies
Tea Act (1773): gave a monopoly to the British East India Company
British tea was still cheaper than smuggled tea
Colonists still opposed the Tea Act- opposed the idea that Parliament could tax the colonies
Boston Tea Party (1773): Members of the Sons of Liberty dumped tea into Boston harbor
Some colonists resisted the action: destruction -of private property
As a result, the British Passes the Coercive Acts(1774):
Boston port was closed until property was paid for
Drastically reduced power of Mass. legislature & banned town hall meetings
Quartering Act expanded
Royal officials accused of a crime would be put on trial in England
The colonists were outraged and called the Coercive Acts the Intolerable Acts
Suffolk Resolves: boycott British goods until the intolerable Acts were repealed
Extended the boundary of Quebec into the Ohio Valley
Roman Catholicism established as official religion
Government allowed to operate without representative assembly or trial by jury
Colonists claimed the land in the Ohio Valley was for them
Protestant colonists not happy about Catholicism
Will England try to take away representative government in the colonies?
In response to the Intolerable Acts
All colonies (except Georgia) send representatives to meet in Philly in September 1774
Wanted to repair their relationship with England
Not Calling for Independence
Adopted the Declaration of Rights & Grievances
Endorsed the Suffolk Resolves
Created the Association to coordinate economic boycott
Started making military preparations
Planned to meet again in May 1775
British troops led by Gen. Gage left Boston to seize colonial weapons & arrest Sam Adams & John Hancock
Minutemen warned by Paul Revere & William Dawes
"Shot heard round the world" as 8 colonists killed at Lexington (April 1775)
Another battle took place at Concord
Start of fighting of the American Revolution!