11.2 Theology of the Body

Essential Information

• Theology of the Body: Pope John Paul II’s teachings on the human body and sexual relationships, emphasising the dignity and value of every person and God’s love for all.

• Marriage and the Body: The full meaning of the body is found in a committed marriage relationship, particularly with the opposite sex.

• Sexuality and Marriage: Sex is a fundamental aspect of marriage and should occur only within this bond.

• Family Planning: Mutual love should consider the number of children a couple can responsibly care for.

Pope John Paul II’s Teachings on Sex and the Human Body

• Marital vs. Extramarital Sex:

  • Marital Sex (within marriage):

    • Unites a couple in self-giving and love.

    • Fosters a communion of persons, enhancing commitment, mutual respect, and intimacy.

    • Opens the possibility for new life (contraception is not supported, though natural family planning is accepted).

  • Extramarital Sex (outside marriage):

    • Lacks commitment and mutual respect; it’s often for personal pleasure and can lead to selfishness.

    • Adultery is a sin, breaking marriage vows and distorting God’s plan.

    • Risks objectifying others, reducing dignity and value.

• Contrasting Views:

  • Catholic Church: Sex should be reserved for marriage, open to life, and respectful of human dignity.

  • Other Christian Views: Generally agree that sex should be within marriage but may support contraception as a responsible choice to prevent unplanned pregnancies and diseases.

  • Secular Views in Britain: Some people engage in casual relationships and see contraception as essential for safety and responsibility.

Summary of Key Points

• Theology of the Body emphasizes the dignity and sacredness of the human body.

• Marriage and sexuality: Should be unitive, open to life, and based on commitment.

• Biblical perspective: Respect for one’s partner and family planning in line with mutual love.