health science 2

epidermis- outermost layer of skin

dermis- framework of elastic connective tissue and contains blood vessels; lymph vessels; nerves; involuntary muscle; sweat and oil glands; hair follicles

subcutaneous fascia- innermost layer made of elastic and fibrous connective tissue and adipose tissue and connects the skin to the muscles

sudoriferous glands (sweat glands) coiled tubes that extend through the dermis and open on the surface at pores,sweat contains water, salts, and body wastes

sebaceous glands (oil glands)- usually open onto hair follicles, produce sebum = oil that keeps the skin and hair from becoming dry and brittle; also has antibacterial and antifungal properties,when clogged (blackhead or pimple)

hair- consists of a root, which grows in a follicle, and a hair shaft, help protects body and covers surfaces

nails- protect fingers and toes from injury, made of dead, keratinized epidermal cells, formed in the nail bed

protection- barrier to UV light and pathogens (1st line of defense); holds moisture in

sensory perception- nerves in skin help body respond to pain, pressure, temperature, and touch

body temperature regulation- blood vessels retain or lose heat as needed, evaporative cooling through perspiration

storage- fat, glucose, water, vitamins and salts

absorption- transdermal medications

excretion- eliminates salt, wastes, and excess water and heat

production- vitamin D from UV rays

melanin- brownish - black pigment that can absorb UV light

acne vulgaris- inflammation of sebaceous glands; symptoms -- palpules, pustules and blackheads

dermatitis- inflammation of the skin; frequently an allergic reaction

athlete's foot- contagious fungal infection; symptoms -- itchy, blistery skin on the feet

warts- viral infection; symptoms -- rough, hard, elevated, rounded surface

herpes simplex virus type 2- sexually transmitted, ulcer-like lesions of the genital skin and mucosa; after initial infection

1st degree burn- Thermal damage to the first layer of skin (epidermis). red and tender and uncomfortable to touch

2nd degree burn- epidermis and part of dermis, blisters are seen along with redness and more tenderness

3rd degree burn- Full thickness damage through all 3 skin layers and into nerves and muscles. requires immediate treatment

cortex of hair- outer layer of hair

medulla of hair- inner layer of hair