2024_-_USHC_-_Unit_3_Teacher_Presentation

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  • United States History

    • Unit 3

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  • Unit 1

    • Civil War

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  • Identify the key causes of the Civil War.

    • Slavery

    • Sectionalism

    • States' rights

  • Causes of the Civil War

    • Economy

      • The southern economy depended heavily on cotton and, consequently, on slave labor.

    • States' Rights vs. Federal Rights

      • Southern states sought the ability to nullify federal laws.

    • Election of Abraham Lincoln

      • Lincoln won the North while his opponent won the South, leading to divisions in the country.

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  • Identify the key causes of the Civil War:

    • Slavery

    • Sectionalism

    • States' rights

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  • 1864 Nevada admitted to the Union.

  • The Union and the Confederacy

    • United States of America

      • Free state vs. Slave state

    • Political boundaries of 1861

      • Eleven slave states seceded to form the Confederate States of America.

      • Four slave states remained in the Union, which helped save Washington, D.C. from isolation.

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  • Identify the advantages of the Union during the Civil War.

    • Most of the nation’s railroad lines located in the North

    • Most factories located in the North

    • Balanced economy between industry and agriculture

    • Financial resources (money)

    • Existing government and military structure

    • Two-thirds of the nation’s population lived in the North

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  • Union vs. Confederacy

    • Advantages of the Union:

      • Railroads

      • Industry

      • Balanced economy

      • Money

      • Existing government and military

      • Dominant population

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  • Identify the advantages of the Confederacy during the Civil War.

    • Most of the nation’s best-trained officers were from the South

    • Cotton wealth for military supplies

    • Only needed to avoid defeat, not win; fighting on familiar territory

    • Fight to preserve their way of life and self-government

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  • Union vs. Confederacy

    • Advantages of the Confederacy:

      • Best-trained officers

      • Cotton wealth

      • Defensive war strategy

      • Familiar territory

      • Cultural motivation to preserve their way of life

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  • Union and Confederate Resources

    • Union had better resources to sustain conflict compared to the Confederacy, which had more experienced troops.

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  • Explain the Union military strategy during the Civil War.

    • Anaconda Plan:

      • Blockade of South's ports to prevent trade

      • Gain control of the Mississippi River to split the Confederacy

      • Seize the capital of Richmond

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  • Military Strategy of the Civil War

    • Union:

      • Anaconda Plan: Blockade, control Mississippi, capture Richmond

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  • Explain the Confederate military strategy during the Civil War.

    • Defensive War

    • Hope that the North would tire of conflict and allow them to go in peace

    • Any abandonment of this strategy harmed the Confederate chances of success

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  • Military Strategy of the Civil War

    • Confederacy:

      • Defensive tactics, waiting for Northern exhaustion

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  • Pop Quiz Time!!!

    • How did General Winfield Scott's "Anaconda Plan" propose to defeat the Confederacy?

      • c. Using superior federal resources to isolate and economically cripple the South

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  • What was the Emancipation Proclamation?

    • Issued by President Lincoln to free slaves in Confederate-held territory (January 1, 1863)

    • Did not apply to border states or places under Union control

    • Did not end slavery in the U.S.

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  • Emancipation Proclamation

    • Freed slaves in Confederate territory but not in the Union

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  • Explain the impact of the Emancipation Proclamation on the Civil War.

    • Provided moral purpose (i.e., ending slavery)

    • Prevented European aid to the Confederacy due to moral stance against slavery

    • Inspired African Americans to support the Union war effort

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  • Impact of the Emancipation Proclamation

    • Gave moral purpose

    • Ensured European neutrality

    • Inspired African American involvement in the Union

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  • Pop Quiz Time!!!

    • What effect did the Emancipation Proclamation have on the Civil War?

      • b. Changed the war's focus to ending slavery

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  • Explain the role of African Americans in the war effort during the Civil War.

    • After Emancipation Proclamation, nearly 180,000 African Americans joined the Union Army (10% of total)

    • Mainly served in support roles (cooking, logistics)

    • Faced poor supplies, served in segregated units, paid less than white soldiers

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  • Role of African Americans in the War Effort

    • Segregated units

    • Poor training, equipment, and pay

    • Non-combat roles predominated

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  • Explain the concept of total war.

    • Military approach not only targeting enemy troops but also civilian infrastructure and economic resources that support them

    • Employed by Union generals to weaken enemy resolve and capabilities

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  • Concept of Total War

    • Strategy targeting not just military targets but economic resources crucial to the enemy's war effort

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  • Explain the significance of the Attack on Fort Sumter.

    • Confederate forces fired at Fort Sumter in 1861, provoking the Civil War

    • Southern states had seized federal forts, believed to be under protection

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  • Significant Events of the Civil War

    • Attack on Fort Sumter

    • Battle of Bull Run

    • Battle of Vicksburg

    • Battle of Gettysburg

    • Gettysburg Address

    • Attack on Fort Wagner

    • Sherman’s March to the Sea

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  • Explain the significance of the Battle of Bull Run.

    • First major battle of the Civil War

    • Initial Union success fell to a Confederate victory

    • Sparked awareness that the war would be lengthy and complex

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  • Significant Events of the Civil War

    • (Repeated list)

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  • Explain the significance of the Battle of Vicksburg.

    • Key victory for Gen. Grant, giving Union control over Mississippi River and splitting Confederacy (July 1863)

    • Fulfilled objective of the Anaconda Plan

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  • Significant Events of the Civil War

    • (Repeated list)

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  • Explain the significance of the Battle of Gettysburg.

    • Major battle lasting three days in Pennsylvania, leading to high casualties

    • Strategic Union victory; turning point preventing further Confederate invasions of the North

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  • Significant Events of the Civil War

    • (Repeated list)

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  • What was the Gettysburg Address?

    • Lincoln's speech reaffirming the war's purpose: preserving the Union and ensuring freedom, equality, and self-government

    • Provided a vision for a renewed nation

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  • THE GETTYSBURG ADDRESS

    • Lincoln’s dedication speech for the Soldiers' National Cemetery

    • Emphasized liberty, equality, and government of the people

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  • Significant Events of the Civil War

    • (Repeated list)

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  • Explain the significance of the Attack on Fort Wagner.

    • Union attack led by the 54th Massachusetts Regiment

    • Although a defeat, highlighted the courage of African American troops and challenged stereotypes about their capabilities

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  • Significant Events of the Civil War

    • (Repeated list)

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  • Explain the significance of Sherman’s March to the Sea.

    • In 1864, Sherman’s troops destroyed everything from Atlanta to Savannah

    • Aimed at demoralizing Southern populace and breaking Confederate spirit

    • Continued into the Carolinas post-conflict

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  • Significant Events of the Civil War

    • (Repeated list)

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  • Pop Quiz Time!!!

    • What factor ultimately gave the Union the advantage needed to defeat the Confederacy?

      • c. Larger population and production capabilities

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  • What was the lasting impact of the Civil War?

    • Helped cement federal authority; individual states could not secede

    • Sectional differences remained but threats of secession unlikely post-war

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  • Explain the lasting impact of the Civil War.

    • Established federal government supremacy over states

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  • Pop Quiz Time!!!

    • What impact did the outcome of the Civil War have on states' rights?

      • c. Ended the idea of constitutional secession

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  • Section 2

    • Reconstruction

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  • What was the purpose of Reconstruction?

    • To restore southern states to the Union post-war (1865-1877)

    • Goal: Southern acceptance of war outcomes and liberation of slaves

    • Not aimed at rebuilding the South; that was viewed as a local responsibility

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  • Explain the goal of Reconstruction.

    • Full political reestablishment of Southern states in the Union

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  • Pop Quiz Time!!!

    • Main goal of Reconstruction was to re-establish Southern participation in the Union

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  • What were Black Codes?

    • Laws restricting African American rights post-Civil War

    • Replaced former slave codes

    • Examples include curfews, vagrancy laws, and land restrictions

    • Led to Congressional punishment of the South

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  • What were Black Codes?

    • Laws limiting African American freedoms post-Civil War

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  • What was the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)?

    • Founded by ex-Confederates to eliminate the Republican Party in the South

    • Used intimidation against both white and black Republican voters

    • Long-term goal to maintain African American submissiveness

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  • Explain the intent behind the creation of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK).

    • Eliminate the Republican Party and keep African Americans in a submissive societal role

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  • What was the Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871?

    • Legislation aimed to end extralegal violence and protect African American rights

    • Authorized presidential intervention against states denying civil rights

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  • What was the Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871?

    • Legislation designed to reduce violence against African Americans and protect their civil rights

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  • What was the Freedman’s Bureau?

    • Established in 1865 to provide relief for displaced individuals (both black and white) post-Civil War

    • Services included food, clothing, healthcare, and education

    • Important for African American educational opportunities

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  • What was the Freedman's Bureau?

    • Agency to assist individuals displaced by the Civil War

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  • Notable lasting achievement:

    • Education for African Americans

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  • Reconstruction Amendments

    • What was the 13th Amendment?

      • Ended slavery in the United States

      • Section 1: slavery or involuntary servitude shall not exist, except as punishment for crime

      • Section 2: Congress can enforce this

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  • Reconstruction Amendments

    • 13th Amendment: Ended slavery

    • 14th Amendment & 15th Amendment:

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  • Reconstruction Amendments

    • What was the 14th Amendment?

      • Guaranteed

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