Acid-base imbalance practice

Acid Base Imbalance Practice

1. Case Study One

• pH: 7.50

• PaCO2: 30 mm Hg

• HCO3-: 24 mEq/L

• Interpretation:

  • The elevated pH indicates alkalosis.

  • Low PaCO2 suggests a respiratory cause (respiratory alkalosis) due to hyperventilation.

2. Case Study Two

• pH: 7.2

• PaCO2: 35 mm Hg

• HCO3-: 15 mEq/L

• Interpretation:

  • The low pH indicates acidosis.

  • HCO3- is low, indicating a primary metabolic acidosis.

  • PaCO2 is slightly normal, suggesting compensation is not yet present.

3. Case Study Three

• pH: 7.26

• PaCO2: 56 mm Hg

• HCO3-: 25 mEq/L

• Interpretation:

  • The low pH indicates acidosis.

  • The elevated PaCO2 indicates respiratory acidosis.

  • HCO3- is normal, suggesting that it is an acute condition without metabolic compensation.

4. Case Study Four

• pH: 7.62

• PaCO2: 48 mm Hg

• HCO3-: 22 mEq/L

• Interpretation:

  • The elevated pH suggests alkalosis.

  • The PaCO2 is elevated, indicating respiratory compensation for metabolic alkalosis.

  • HCO3- is slightly low, indicating that metabolic compensation is involved.

5. Case Study Five

• pH: 7.44

• PaCO2: 45 mm Hg

• HCO3-: 36 mEq/L

• Interpretation:

  • The pH is within normal range.

  • However, the elevated HCO3- suggests mild metabolic alkalosis.

  • Normal PaCO2 indicates no compensatory respiratory mechanism is needed.

6. Case Study Six

• pH: 7.35

• PaCO2: 30 mm Hg

• HCO3-: 24 mEq/L

• Interpretation:

  • The pH is on the lower side of normal, indicates a compensated state.

  • Low PaCO2 suggests respiratory compensation is present for metabolic acidosis.

  • HCO3- is normal, indicating the body is balancing compensatory mechanisms.