What do they do?
What is the most important thing that political parties want?: to get elected.
One party system: only one party exists, non-voluntary, only represents some, usually linked to a dictator.
Two party system: several parties but only two dominate. Most citizens agree on basic principles, single member districts.
Multi party system: multiple parties competing for power (around 4-20 parties based on: region, ideology, or class position.) Proportional system w/ (voters) more meaningful choices.
Which party system does the United States have?: Two party system.
What demographic factors determine political party membership?
Liberal are more likely to be a democrat; Conservatives to be more republican.
Rise of Political Parties (1789-1800): Alexander Hamilton and the Federalist (supportist of the constitution) and Thomas Jefferson’s Anti-Federalist later Democrat-Republicans (advocates for state rights).
Democratic Domination (1800 - 1860): Democrat-Republicans dominate until they split Andrew Jackson; creates Jacksonian Democrats (Democrats). Became known as the party of the common man and they expanded suffrage in America.
Republican Domination (1660 - 1932): Began as a third party, appealed to commercial and anti-slavery groups. Abraham Lincoln and first president called Grand Old Party (GOP).
Return of the Democrats (1932 - 1968): Depression brings end of Democrats, FDR unites black, city dwellers, blue-collars, Catholics, Jews, and women to create New Deal Coalition. Elected 4 times.
Divided Government: One party controls White House and other party controls Congress. This causes gridlock.
Which of the third parties is based on a particular belief system? Ideological.
Political parties that separate from larger ones often because of a strong personality that leads it is known as: Splinter/Fractional.
Political parties that are based on a particular set of beliefs are known as: ideological parties.
Which former president is credited with "starting" the Democratic party we know today? Andrew Jackson.
Electoral Dealignment: when a significant number of voters no longer support a particular political party.
Electoral Realignment: When new voting patterns have shifted and new coalitions of party supporters have formed.
Parties can be:
Ideological: based on a particular set of social, political, or economic beliefs (communist, socialist, libertarian).
Splinter/Fractional: Parties that have split from larger parties. An Individual (with strong personality) did not win a nomination. (like Theodore Roosevelt’s Bull Moose Party.)
Single Issue: parties that concentrate on a single public policy matter (free soil, right to life, prohibition).
Protest: usually rooted in periods of economic discontent; may be selectional in nature (Greenback and Populist Party).
(Democrat) History: Begins from Thomas Jefferson in 1800s > Became Democrats with Andrew Jackson in the 1820s.
Democrats are supported by:
Democratic News outlets:
History: Started in the 1850s as centrist and liberal reformers > came from Whigs and left the moderate Democrats.
Dominated the government from 1860-1932.
Republicans are also called the Grand Old Party (GOP).
Republicans stands for: economic freedoms, social conservatives, against taxes, strong military support from the south, agricultural regions and mountain states.
Who was the first Republican president?: Abraham Lincoln.
(Republicans) Supported by:
(Republican) News Outlets:
Future of Political Parties:
Who votes for who?
Which political party tends to be in urban areas?: Democrat.
Third-party challenges: they continue to take votes, making it more difficult for major candidates to get a majority vote.
Loss of support by party loyalist: increase in independent voters.
Increase in split-ticket voting: many voters vote for candidates from more than one party.
Lack of perceived difference: voters often believe there are no major differences between the parties or candidates.
Party reforms: changes within the party to create more freedom has also created more conflict.
Methods of campaigning: new technologies have allowed candidates to become more independent of parties.
What is one way political parties are changing?: Using different methods of campaigning like social media.
Which political party begin as the Anti-Federalist?: Democrats.
Which political party has interest in business owners and the banking and financial world?: Republicans.
Catholics and Protestant religions are politically split between the parties based on what?: North versus South.
When a new voting pattern begins where voters shift their beliefs under a new party, this is known as Electoral: Realignment.
All of the following are considered future changes for political parties and how voters respond to political parties EXCEPT: changing the political parties mascots.
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