Global Atmospheric Circulation

• What is Global Atmospheric Circulation… The worldwide system of winds that transports heat from tropical to polar latitudes.

• What does Global Atmospheric Circulation do… Creates winds across the planet and drives weather.

• What are the three cells that makes up the Global Atmospheric Circulation system…Made of 3 cells: the Hadley, the Ferrel and the Polar cells.

The Hadley Cell

• Where is the Hadley cell located… Between 0 degrees and 30 degrees N/S of the equator

• How does the air behave in a Hadley cell… Warm, moist air rises -> air cools, clouds form, rain falls -> cool, dry air descends.

• What does air rising do… The air rising causes low pressure

• What does air sinking do… The air sinking causes high pressure (dry conditions,  little cloud and low rainfall)

The Ferrel Cell

• Where is the Ferell cell located… Between 30 degrees and 60 degrees N/S of the equator

• How does the air behave in a Ferrel cell… Air moves from high to low pressure

• What happens as the air travels in a Ferrel cell… As the air travels it forms the warm south westerly winds in the northern hemisphere and north westerly winds in the southern hemisphere

• How does the air in a Ferrel cell pick up moisture… As the air travels from 30 degrees N/S it travels over oceans and picks up lots of moisture

• what happens at the end 60° north/south of the equator… At around 60 degrees N/S the warm moist air meets cold air from the poles.

• what is a weather front …The warm moist air rises up as it meets the cold air (this is called a weather front)

The Polar Cell

• where does the Polar cell occur… Between 60/70 degrees  and 90 degrees N/S of the equator

• how does the air behave in a Polar cell… Air is cool and dry, sinking towards the ground

• what is the pressure like over the Poles… high pressure

Tropical Storms

• what type of hazard is a tropical storm… Natural hazard

• when does a tropical storm occur… Occurs when warm, moist air rises to create an area of intense low pressure.

• what happens as the warm moist air rises… As the warm moist air rises, winds spiral around the central point creating the eye of the storm the warm air condenses into rainfall and thunderstorms.

• what are the different names for tropical storms… Hurricanes, Typhoons and Cyclones

• does a tropical storm occur in low latitude areas or high latitude areas… Low latitude areas

• what is the temperature is required for a tropical storm… Sea temperatures above 27 degrees

• what type of Winshire is required for a tropical storm… A low wind shear

Features of Tropical Storms

• what are the three stages of a tropical storm… Three stages - origin, mature and dissipation

• how high do clouds grow in tropical storms… Clouds grow to 15- 20 km

• what type of pressure does the eye of the storm have… Eye has high pressure

• what type of pressure do the walls of the storm have… Walls have low pressure

Climate Change

• what do warmer temperatures lead to… Warmer temperatures -> sea levels will rise -> higher storm surges

• is the number of severe tropical storm is expected to increase or decrease… Number of severe tropical storms expected to increase

Typhoon Haiyan

• where did typhoon Haiyan occur… Occurred in the Philippines

• are the Philippines an HIC or an LIC… LIC

• what percentage of Tacloban was destroyed… 90% of Tacloban was destroyed

• how many crops were destroyed in typhoon Haiyan… 1.1 million crops destroyed

• how many houses were damaged or destroyed in typhoon Haiyan… 1.1 million houses damaged or destroyed

• how many people were affected in typhoon Haiyan… 14.1 million people affected

• how high was the storm surge in typhoon Haiyan… 6m high storm surge

• how many people were left homeless or displaced in typhoon Haiyan… 4.1 million people left homeless or displaced

• how many people were evacuated before typhoon Haiyan… 800,000 people were evacuated

• what was the Philippines declared after Typhoon Haiyan… Declared “A State of National Calamity”