History & Important Figures

Robert Hook::was the first person to discover cells, he looked at cork and saw the tiny spaces; which was cellulose

Anton von Leeuwenhook::was the first person to look at living animal cells and described them as animalcules

Cell theory::Discovered by Matthis Schleiden and Theodor Schwann ; states that all living organisms are composed of one or more cells

They are the smallest living thing, basic building blocks of organisms, and basic unit of organization

Germ theory::states all ailment are caused by disease carrying agents, not spontaneous generation and is like the cell theory

Characteristics of cells

Plasma membrane/Cell membrane::semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell

Protoplasm:: living part of cell

Cytoplasm::background of cell; jelly like liquid that fills the inside of cell

Nucleoplasm::in nucleus; surrounded by nuclear envelope; contains nucleus, chromosomes

Nucleus Membrane::double layer that encloses the cells nucleus

Chromosomes::found inside the nucleus, made of chromatin, held together by centromere, made of DNA

Prokaryotic-

small and simpler that eukaryotic cells; no organelles

lacks a true nucleus

1 ring shape chromosomes that contains DNA; solid twisted piece

lack a endomembrane system; structures float freely

solid flagellum

Cell wall of peptidoglycan; uses the protein for stability

Eukaryotes-

more complex than prokaryotic

Has a nucleus

2 or more chromosomes

has a endomembrane system; membrane bound organelles

Mitochondria( chloroplast; photosynthetic eukaryotes) golgi, vesicles, vacuoles,ER, etc

Cell wall for plants are made of cellulose

flagellum in 9 to 2 microtuble arrangement

Endomembrane System of organelles of eukaryotic cells