LESSON 2 : PROBLEM SOLVING

Problem Solving

Defining Problem Solving

• Problem Solving is a purposeful process involving observation, exploration of solutions, and a deliberate decision to solve a problem.

• It's about proactive thinking, not just reacting.

• The key is to identify the root cause of the problem, not merely the symptoms.

• In essence: "See it. Understand it. Solve it – for real."

Comparing Problem-Solving Methods: 8-Step PPSM vs. OODA Loop

OODA Loop

• Used for time-sensitive, fast-moving problems, typically in tactical or operational settings.

• Stands for: Observe, Orient, Decide, Act.

  • Observe: Assess the current situation and gather facts and data.

  • Orient: Analyze the context and understand what’s happening.

  • Decide: Choose the best possible course of action.

  • Act: Execute the decision quickly and effectively.

• Use Case: When speed is critical and you're responding to rapidly changing situations.

8-Step Practical Problem-Solving Method (PPSM)

• Used for structured, deliberate problem-solving, commonly in process improvement or strategic planning.

• Steps:

  1. Clarify the Problem: Identify and define the issue clearly (similar to "Observe" in OODA).

  2. Break Down the Problem: Analyze the current state and identify performance gaps.

  3. Set Improvement Targets: Define goals/milestones for success.

  4. Determine Root Causes: Discover the underlying causes of the problem.

  5. Develop Countermeasures: Create practical, effective solutions.

  6. See Countermeasures Through: Implement your solutions.

  7. Confirm Results and Process: Ensure the solution worked and the performance gap is closed.

  8. Standardize Successful Processes: Lock in what works and apply it elsewhere.

• Use Case: When time allows for deep analysis, and the problem is process-based or recurring.

Key Differences Between OODA Loop and 8-Step PPSM

Mapping Steps

• Act corresponds to See Countermeasures Through.

• Decide relates to Develop Countermeasures.

• Observe aligns with Clarify the Problem.

• Orient corresponds with Break Down Problem & Identify Performance Gaps.

• Set Improvement Targets and Determine Root Causes are specific to the 8-Step PPSM and don't have direct equivalents in the OODA Loop.