Untitled Flashcards Set

• “Women are wonderful” effect: People tend to see women as kinder and more warm than men.

• Cognitive dissonance: When our actions don’t match our beliefs, it makes us uncomfortable, so we try to change either our actions or beliefs to feel better.

• Conformity: Changing your behavior to match the group.

• Compliance: Agreeing to someone’s request, even if you don’t want to.

• Obedience: Following orders from an authority figure.

• Acceptance: Conforming because you believe the group is right.

• Reactance: Doing the opposite of what you’re told because you don’t like being controlled.

• Asch Study: People conform to a group even if they know the group is wrong.

• Sherif Study: People look to others for guidance when they’re unsure about something.

• Milgram Study: People obey authority, even when it means hurting someone else.

  • Foot-in-the-door: Start with a small request to get someone to agree to a bigger one later.

  • Results of Milgram's Study: Many people obeyed the authority figure, even when asked to deliver harmful shocks.

Persuasion Concepts:

• Central route: Persuasion through careful thinking about the message.

• Peripheral route: Persuasion through shallow cues like attractiveness.

• Fear-based messages: They work best when they also show how to avoid the danger.

• Primacy and Recency Effect: People remember the first and last pieces of information the best.

Lesson 8: Group Behavior

• Social facilitation: People perform better on simple tasks when others are around.

• Social loafing: People do less work in a group than when alone.

• Deindividuation: Losing self-awareness in a group, often leading to bad behavior.

• Group polarization: After discussing, a group’s opinions can become more extreme.

• Groupthink: When a group prioritizes harmony over making the best decision, leading to poor choices. Key symptoms include:

  1. Ignoring potential problems.

  2. Pressuring dissenters.

  3. Self-censorship.

Lesson 9: Prejudice and Stereotyping

• Stereotyping: Generalizing people based on their group.

• Prejudice: Negative feelings toward a group.

• Implicit vs. Explicit Prejudice: Implicit prejudice is unconscious, while explicit is conscious.

• Racism: Discrimination based on race.

• Benevolent sexism: Treating women as fragile and in need of protection, which still reinforces gender inequality.

• Scapegoat theory: Blaming someone else for your own problems.

• Just-world phenomenon: The belief that the world is fair and people get what they deserve.

• Subtyping: Creating new categories to preserve stereotypes.

• Illusory correlation: Thinking two things are related when they aren’t.