english 2/24

Irony (3 Types)

1. Situational Irony – When something happens that is the opposite of what is expected.

   • Example: A fire station burns down.

2. Dramatic Irony – When the audience knows something that the characters do not.

   • Example: In a horror movie, the audience sees the killer hiding in the closet, but the character doesn’t know.

3. Verbal Irony – When someone says something but means the opposite (often sarcasm).

   • Example: Saying “Great weather we’re having” during a thunderstorm.

Paradox

• A statement that seems contradictory but actually reveals a deeper truth.

  • Example: "Less is more."

Allusion

• A reference to another work, person, or historical event.

  • Example: "He has the Midas touch" (alludes to the Greek myth where everything King Midas touched turned to gold).

Foil

• A character who contrasts with another character to highlight traits.

  • Example: Batman and the Joker—Batman represents justice, while the Joker represents chaos.

Metaphor

• A direct comparison between two unrelated things to suggest similarity.

  • Example: "Time is a thief" (meaning time takes away moments like a thief takes possessions).

Juxtaposition

• Placing two contrasting things next to each other to highlight differences.

  • Example: A bright yellow flower growing in a field of dead, gray grass.