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• Learning account focuses on the production and detection of electromagnetic waves

• Expected outcomes: describe how electromagnetic waves are produced, describe the characteristics and properties of different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, give the uses and effects of different types of electromagnetic waves and radiation

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• Electromagnetic waves are discovered by James Clerk Maxwell

• Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation

• Heinrich Hertz's experiment confirms Maxwell's theory

• Electromagnetic waves are produced by accelerating electric charges

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• Light emitted by a light bulb is caused by thermal motion accelerating electrons

• Electromagnetic waves are traveling as electrical and magnetic transverse waves

• Electromagnetic waves exhibit reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference

• Each type of electromagnetic wave occupies a particular range of wavelengths called a band

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• Radio waves have the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies

• Radio waves are produced by oscillating electricity in an aerial or antenna

• Microwaves have shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies compared to radio waves

• Microwaves are used in satellite communication, radar, mobile phone networks, and cooking

• Infrared waves lie beyond the red end of the visible spectrum and are used in various applications

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• Infrared waves are used in satellite imaging, wildlife tracking, monitoring volcanoes, and temperature measurement

• Infrared radiation is utilized in electronic communications and circuit switching

• Visible light is the only part of the electromagnetic spectrum visible to humans

• Visible light can be separated into its constituent colors using a prism

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• Infrared radiation is used in remote controllers and sensor faucets

• Visible light appears as white light and can be separated into different colors using a prism

Page 9: Ultraviolet Waves

• Ultraviolet waves are invisible radiation beyond the violet end of the visible spectrum.

• Ultraviolet radiation is produced by high-temperature surfaces like the sun, electric arcs, and specialized lights.

• Ultraviolet radiation from the sun is classified into UVA, UVB, and UVC.

• Ultraviolet waves are used in the production of Vitamin D, sterilizing water, and preventing counterfeiting.

• Ultraviolet radiation (UVA) makes certain pigments fluorescence or emit light from within.

• UV lamps and black lights are used by detectives and forensics to reveal blood and other biological fluids.

• Black lights can also be used in entertainment to make fluorescent paints or objects glow in the dark.

Page 10: X-ray and Gamma Waves

• X-rays have short wavelengths, high frequencies, and high penetrating power.

• X-rays are used in medical applications to look inside the human body and in security to scan baggage.

• X-rays with long wavelengths are used in medicine, while those with short wavelengths are used in industry.

• Gamma waves are high-energy waves generated by radioactive atoms and nuclear explosions.

• Gamma waves are more penetrating and have shorter wavelengths compared to X-rays.

• Gamma waves are used in sterilizing medical equipment and have applications in astronomy.

• Gamma waves can also be used to treat cancers by directing concentrated beams on the growth.

Note: The transcript provides information about ultraviolet waves, their classification, and various applications. It also discusses X-rays, their medical and industrial uses, and the use of gamma waves in sterilization and cancer treatment.