West_9e_Chapter 2 Slides

Chapter Overview

• Chapter Title: Conducted and Radiated Media

• Authors: Jill West | Curt M. White

• Source: Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User’s Approach, 9th Edition, 2023 Cengage

Learning Objectives

• Identify common cabling standards

• Compare types of network cables

• Compare wireless network technologies

• Evaluate the best media for network connections

Introduction

• Importance of Media in Networking:

  • Essential for data transfer.

• Types of Media:

  • Conducted (Wired) Media: Standards for cables and connectors.

  • Radiated (Wireless) Media: Standards for wireless transmission.

Cabling Standards

Definition of Standards

• Necessity for agreement in network devices.

Types of Components

• Electrical components

• Mechanical components

• Functional components

• Procedural components

Personal Area Network (PAN) Standards

Connector Standards

• USB Types: Type-A, Type-B, Type-B Micro, USB-C, Lightning

Protocol Standards

• USB Versions: USB 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, Thunderbolt

Twisted Pair Wire

Definition

• Comprises paired single conductor wires twisted together.

Classification

• Categories range from Category 1 to Category 8; older categories are nearly obsolete.

Purpose of Twisting

• Reduces electromagnetic interference between wires.

Shielding

• Adds an extra layer of protection against interference.

Characteristics Table (Twisted Pair) - Table 2-1

Summary of Twisted Pair

• Common, inexpensive, and easy to install.

• Supports high data rates but vulnerable to electromagnetic noise.

• Available in shielded and unshielded forms.

Coaxial Cable

Definition

• Single wire surrounded by insulation and a braided shield.

Types of Coaxial Technology

• Baseband: Digital signaling for one channel.

• Broadband: Transmits analog signals, supports multiple channels.

Summary of Coaxial Cable

• Good bandwidth due to shielding; easier to install than twisted pair but generally more expensive.

Fiber-Optic Cable

Definition

• Thin glass cable capable of transmitting light signals.

Mechanism

• Uses diodes or lasers to generate light transmitted through the fiber.

Types of Fiber

• Multimode Fiber: Larger core causing more ray collisions, uses LEDs; shorter transmission distances.

• Single Mode Fiber: Smaller core, fewer reflections, faster transmission; uses lasers for longer distances.

Characteristics of Fiber-Optic Cable

• Handles the highest data rates over extensive distances.

• More costly initially, but cost-effective over time due to higher capacity.

• Resistant to electromagnetic interference but not immune to noise.

Summary of Comparison of Conducted Media - Table 2-4

Wireless Technologies

Characteristics of Radiated Media

• Utilizes various electromagnetic wave forms for data transmission.

• Main Types: Radio, satellite, and infrared.

Wireless LAN Technologies

Wi-Fi Overview

• Definition: Wireless LAN known as Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity).

• Components: Wireless clients, a wired LAN, and an access point.

Technical Details - Table 2-5

Bluetooth Technology

• Short-range communication protocol designed for unifying mobile devices.

• Can transmit through solid objects; class ranges based on distance capability.

Zigbee Protocol

• Low-power technology for small, embedded devices; ideal for home automation tasks.

Media Selection Criteria

• Factors to Consider:

  • Cost: Initial and maintenance costs, ROI considerations.

  • Speed: Propagation and data transfer speeds.

  • Distance and Expandability: Ease of expansion and range capabilities.

  • Environment: Effects of environmental factors on media performance.

  • Security: Measures against taps and signal encryption.

Summary

• Types of Media can be classified into conducted (wired) and radiated (wireless) categories.

• Conducted Media Types: Twisted pair, coaxial cable, and fiber-optic cables.

• Wireless Technologies: Various standards like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, each suited for specific applications.

• Evaluation Criteria: Cost, speed, distance, security, and environmental consideration for optimal media selection.