Notes on "A Doll's House" Historical and Cultural Context

The play, set in Norway in 1879, reflects the upper-middle-class life, focusing on Nora and Torvald. Ibsen, from a similar background, critiques social class expectations and norms. During Norway's economic boom from 1843 to 1875, financial success and opportunities expanded for the upper-middle class. However, this brought an obsession with money, evident in Nora's secret debt and marital strain with Torvald. Society expected women to fulfill traditional roles, restricting their independence. Laws reinforced patriarchy, and Nora’s actions challenge these norms, highlighting the struggle for individuality. Ibsen, born in 1828 and influenced by his upbringing, addressed social issues in his plays, making a significant impact on the theater. "A Doll's House" blends realism and naturalism, showcasing believable characters and settings while questioning societal standards. Ibsen's approach shocked audiences by presenting realistic representations of relationships, leading to uncomfortable yet essential discussions about gender and identity.