AP LANG VOCAB QUIZ 1

1. Yoke: (n,v) Burden 

2. Temperance: (n) Moderation ; restraint 

3. Posterity: (n) Future generations 

4. Anaphora: Repetition of a word or phrase at the BEGINNING of successive clauses 

5. Epistrophe: Repetition of a word or phrase at the END of successive clauses 

6. Aphorism: A concise statement of a truth or a principal 

7. Celestial: (adj) Heavenly 

8. Impious: (adj) Irreverent (usually with regards to God) (Pious: antonym) 

9. Infidel: (n) A nonbeliever 

10. Abhorrence: (n) The act of despising 

11. Disinterested: (adj) unbiased 

12. Uninterested : (adj) Not interested 

13. Malevolent (adj): arising from intent of vicious will or hatred

14. Benevolent (adj): marked by or disposed to doing good

15. Avarice (n) greed

16.  Carnal (adj) : relating to or given to crude bodily pleasures and appetites

17. Allegory (n) : the expression by means of symbolic fictional figures and actions of truths or generalizations about human existence, also : an instance (as in a story or painting) of such expression

18. Enigma (n) : a puzzling or inexplicable occurrence or situation 

19. Calamity (n) - disaster 

20. Brutish (adj) - like a beast or animal 

21. Martial (adj) - warlike 

22. Analogy(n): a comparison of two otherwise unlike things typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification.

1. Candor (n): Quality of being open or honest in expression; Truthful  

2. Conviction (n): a strong persuasion or belief 

3. Nonchalant (adj): having an air of easy unconcern or indifference 

4. Extemporaneous (adj): spoken or done without preparation.
   "an extemporaneous speech"

5. Consecrate : (v) To make sacred

6. Hallow: (v) to make holy 

7. Semantic Category: Words from the same category of meaning (Consecrate and Hallow are from the same semantic category) 

8. Esoteric (adj) : understood by or intended for an elite, select few 

9.  Hyperbole: (n): exaggeration

10. Euphemism (n) : polite, indirect expressions which replace phrases considered harsh and impolite which suggest something unpleasant (“My grandfather passed”.)

11. Ameliorate (v): to make better or more tolerable 

12. Catharsis: (n) : an emotional discharge through which one can achieve a state of spiritual renewal ( From :Aristotle’s Poetics - something that evokes  “Pity and Fear”)

13. Allusion: (n) a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance.

14. Idiom (n): an expression ( “Dime a dozen” “A blessing in disguise”)

15. Hubris (n): Exaggerated pride or confidence 

16. Destitute (adj): without the basic necessities of life (usually relating to money).

Logical Fallacies: Faulty reasoning, often employed in persuasive speaking and/or writing.

17.  Ad Hominem: An argument directed at the person instead of at the position they are maintaining 
    

18. Red Herring: a kind of fallacy that is an irrelevant topic introduced in an argument to divert the attention of listeners or readers from the original issue.

19. Hasty generalization:  Drawing a conclusion based on a small sample size, rather than looking at statistics that are much more in line with the typical or average situation. (in logic this is called: correlation does not mean causation) 

Bandwagon: This is an appeal that presents what most people, or a group of people think, in order to persuade one to think the same way