IDFC STUDY PLEASE

Q: What is the philtrum?

A: A groove in the upper lip between the nose and mouth that helps direct food into the mouth.

Q: What are vibrissae?

A: Sensory whiskers that help detect objects and navigate surroundings.

Q: What is the pinna?

A: The external ear flap that directs sound into the ear canal.

Q: What are nares?

A: Nostrils that allow air into the nasal passages for breathing and smell.

Q: What do mammary glands do?

A: Produce milk for offspring (female only).

Q: What are nipples used for in mammals?

A: Where milk is delivered to the offspring.

Q: What is the trunk of the pig?

A: The body region that includes the thorax and abdomen.

Q: What is the thorax?

A: The chest region containing the heart and lungs.

Q: What is the abdomen?

A: The lower body region containing digestive and reproductive organs.

Q: What is the function of the anus?

A: Releases waste from the body.

Q: What does the umbilical cord do?

A: Connects the fetus to the placenta to deliver nutrients and oxygen.

Q: What is the tongue used for?

A: Tasting, chewing, and swallowing food.

Q: What is the penis?

A: Male organ that removes urine and releases semen.

Q: What is the scrotum?

A: A pouch that houses the testes and regulates their temperature.

Q: What is the urethral opening?

A: The opening where urine (and semen in males) exits the body.

Q: What is the vaginal opening?

A: External entrance to the female reproductive system.

Q: How is the age of the pig determined?

A: By its length.

Q: What does posterior mean?

A: The rear or back end of the pig.

Q: What does anterior mean?

A: The front end of the pig.

Q: What does ventral refer to?

A: The underside or belly.

Q: What does dorsal refer to?

A: The top or back side.

Q: What is the umbilical artery?

A: Carries deoxygenated blood from fetus to placenta.

Q: What is the umbilical vein?

A: Carries oxygenated blood from placenta to fetus.

Q: What is the esophagus in the thorax?

A: A tube that carries food from the throat to the stomach through the chest.

Q: What does the stomach do?

A: Stores food and begins chemical digestion.

Q: Where does the esophagus start?

A: At the pharynx in the throat.

Q: What are rugae?

A: Folds in the stomach lining that help with digestion and allow expansion.

Q: What is the small intestine?

A: A coiled tube where digestion and nutrient absorption occur.

Q: What is the caecum?

A: Start of the large intestine that helps digest cellulose in plants.

Q: What is the function of the large intestine?

A: Absorbs water and forms feces.

Q: What does the rectum do?

A: Stores feces before excretion.

Q: What is the pancreas?

A: Produces digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin.

Q: What is the spleen's function?

A: Filters blood, recycles red blood cells, and supports immunity.

Q: What does the liver do?

A: Processes nutrients, detoxifies chemicals, produces bile.

Q: What is the gallbladder's role?

A: Stores and releases bile into the small intestine.

Q: What is the intestinal mesentery?

A: Anchors intestines and carries blood vessels and nerves.

Q: What is the septum in the heart?

A: Divides left and right sides to prevent blood mixing.

Q: What is the thymus gland?

A: Helps develop T-cells for immune response.

Q: What is the aorta?

A: Main artery carrying oxygenated blood from heart to body.

Q: What is the pericardium?

A: Membrane surrounding the heart, reduces friction.

Q: What do the right & left atria do?

A: Receive blood from body (right) and lungs (left).

Q: What do the right & left ventricles do?

A: Pump blood to lungs (right) and body (left).

Q: What is the atrioventricular valve?

A: Valve between atrium and ventricle ensuring one-way blood flow.

Q: What does the renal artery do?

A: Supplies oxygenated blood to the kidneys.

Q: What does the jugular vein do?

A: Carries deoxygenated blood from the head.

Q: What does the carotid artery do?

A: Carries oxygenated blood to the head.

Q: What does the pulmonary artery do?

A: Carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs.

Q: What does the pulmonary vein do?

A: Carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart.

Q: What are bronchi?

A: Two branches of the trachea that carry air to lungs.

Q: What is the trachea?

A: The windpipe that connects larynx to lungs.

Q: What is the larynx?

A: Voice box that routes air to the trachea.

Q: What does the diaphragm do?

A: Muscle that helps with breathing and separates thorax from abdomen.

Q: What are lungs for?

A: Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and blood.

Q: What are alveoli?

A: Tiny lung sacs where gas exchange occurs.

Q: What are ureters?

A: Tubes that carry urine from kidneys to bladder.

Q: What does the urinary bladder do?

A: Stores urine before excretion.

Q: What is the urethra?

A: Tube that carries urine outside the body.

Q: What is the medulla of the kidney?

A: Inner part that helps filter and concentrate urine.

Q: What is the cortex of the kidney?

A: Outer part containing nephrons that filter blood.

Q: What are testes?

A: Male organs that produce sperm and testosterone.

Q: What is the epididymis?

A: Coiled tube where sperm matures and is stored.

Q: What is the ovary?

A: Female organ that produces eggs and hormones.

Q: What is the oviduct?

A: Tube where fertilization occurs; carries eggs to uterus.

Q: What is the vagina?

A: Connects external genitals to uterus; birth canal.

Q: What is the cervix?

A: Lower part of uterus that opens into the vagina.

Q: What is the uterus?

A: Organ where the fetus develops.

Q: What is the cerebrum?

A: Brain region responsible for thought, memory, learning, voluntary movement.

Q: What does the spinal cord do?

A: Transmits signals and coordinates reflexes.

Q: What does the medulla (brain) control?

A: Involuntary functions like breathing and heart rate.

Q: What is the cerebellum?

A: Brain part that controls movement, balance, coordination.