Urinalysis Part 2

  1. Random Urine Specimen- A urine specimen collected at any time, without regard to diet or time of day.
  2. Ketones- A group of chemical substance produced during increased fat metabolism; ketone bodies.
  3. Melanin- A dark pigment of skin, hair, and certain tumors.
  4. Myoglobin- A pigmented protein found in muscle tissue.
  5. Opalescent- Having a milky iridescence.
  6. Porphyrins- A group of pigments that are required for the synthesis of hemoglobin.
  7. Refractometer- An instrument for measuring refraction.
  8. Specific Gravity- The ratio of the weight of a solution to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water; a measurement of density.
  9. Turbid- Having a cloudy appearance.
    1. Urinometer- A float with a calibrated stem used for measuring specific gravity.
    2. Urochrome- The yellow pigment the gives urine its color.
    3. Bilirubin- A product formed in the liver from the breakdown of hemoglobin.
    4. Urobilinogen- Breakdown product of bilirubin formed by the action of intestinal bacteria.
    5. Cast- In urinalysis, a protein matrix formed in the kidney tubules and washed out into the urine.
    6. Hyaline- Transparent, pale.
    7. Sediment- Solids that settle to the bottom of a liquid.
    8. hCG – human chorionic gondotropin, a hormone present in pregnancy.
    9. Glycosuria- Glucose in the urine; glucosuria.
    10. Ketonuria- Ketones in the urine.
    11. Proteinuria- Protein in the urine, usually albumin.