Reproductive System 6-10

1. Q: Where is testosterone produced?

A: Testosterone is produced by interstitial cells in the testes.

2. Q: What are the effects of testosterone?

A: Growth spurts, maturation of reproductive organs, increased sex drive, and secondary sexual characteristics like facial hair and a deeper voice.

3. Q: What are the parts of the female external genitalia?

A: Mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, urethral orifice, vaginal orifice, and vestibular glands.

4. Q: Trace the vagina internally.

A: Cervix → Uterus → Fallopian tubes → Ovaries.

5. Q: What are the functions of the vagina?

A: It’s the birth canal, passageway for menstrual flow, and the female organ of copulation.

6. Q: What is the function of the fallopian tubes?

A: They deliver eggs to the uterus; fimbriae guide the egg into the tube.

7. Q: What is the uterus and its parts?

A: It’s a hollow organ that receives and nourishes a fertilized egg. Parts: cervix, body, and fundus.

8. Q: What are the layers of the uterine wall?

A: Perimetrium (outer), myometrium (muscle), endometrium (inner lining that sheds monthly).

9. Q: What do ovaries do?

A: They produce oocytes (eggs), release them during ovulation, and make estrogen and progesterone.

10. Q: What happens during fertilization?

A: A sperm cell and egg join to form a zygote with 46 chromosomes.

11. Q: When is the endometrium receptive to fertilized eggs?

A: During ovulation, for a short window.

12. Q: What does the menstrual cycle represent?

A: Hormone-driven changes in the endometrium lining.

13. Q: What are the three uterine cycle phases?

A: Menstrual (shedding), proliferative (rebuilding), secretory (preparing for embryo).

1. Testosterone
   Hormone made in testes by interstitial cells; responsible for male traits and libido.

2. External Genitalia (Female)
   Includes mons pubis, labia majora/minora, clitoris, urethra, vaginal orifice.

3. Vagina
   Birth canal; passageway for menstrual flow; copulation organ.

4. Fallopian Tubes
   Ducts that deliver eggs to the uterus; fimbriae guide the egg.

5. Uterus
   Receives, retains, and nourishes a fertilized egg.

6. Uterine Wall Layers
   Perimetrium, Myometrium, Endometrium (sheds monthly).

7. Ovaries
   Contain developing oocytes; release eggs during ovulation; make estrogen/progesterone.

8. Fertilization
   Fusion of sperm and egg to form zygote (46 chromosomes).

9. Menstrual Cycle
   Hormonal cycle that prepares endometrium for possible implantation.

10. Uterine Cycle Phases
    

    • Menstrual Phase (days 1–5): Shedding lining

    • Proliferative Phase (days 6–14): Rebuilding

    • Secretory Phase (days 15–28): Enriching lining