APUSH unit 5

. Fugitive Slave Law (Year 1850)
- Required the return of escaped slaves which angered abolitionists.

2. Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852)

A novel supporting anti-slavery sentiments which fueled the North’s antislavery beliefs.

3. Ostend Manifesto (1852)

Pro-slavery plan to annex Cuba which increased tensions.

4. Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854

Allowed for popular sovereignty and it also repealed the decisions made in the Missouri Compromise.

5. "Bleeding Kansas"

A violent conflict over slavery which symbolized how divided the US was.

6. Dred Scott vs. Sanford (1857)

Denied African Americans citizenship and viewed them as property which increased the conflict.

7. Lincoln Douglas Debates (1858)

This damages Douglas’s reputation despite the fact that he won the seat in Senate and boosts Lincoln’s chances in the 1860 election.

8. John Brown's Raid

Abolitionist attack on Harpers Ferry which intensified tensions.

9. Election of Lincoln

Angered Southerners and triggered their secession, leading to the Civil War.

10. Secession

Southern states leave the Union which again triggers the Civil War.

11. Stephen Douglas

Advocated for popular sovereignty and proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act, one of the initial causes of the civil war.

Stono Rebellion  (year  → 1739)

• One of the first and largest colonial slave uprising

NY Slave Conspiracy (year  → 1741)

• An alleged uprising against slavery

Gabriel’s Rebellion  (year  → 1800)

• Failed slave uprising in Virginia

Compromise of 1850

• Declared California was free and included the Fugitive Slave Law

Fugitive Slave Law

• Escaped slaves must be returned to their owners

Gadsden Purchase

• 1853, 10 million in guilt money and also a purchase for the transcontinental railroad expansion

Kansas-Nebraska Act - 1854

• Kansas and Nebraska would decide their status on slavery through popular sovereignty and it repealed the Missouri Compromise.

American Colonization Society

• Supported returning African Americans to Africa to let them live and work there

Denmark Vesey  (year  → 1822)

• Planned a major slave rebellion

Nat Turner  (year  → 1831)

• Led a significant slave revolt

William Lloyd Garrison

• Abolitionist who published The Liberator and used the Declaration of Independence to support his arguments

The Liberator

• Antislavery newspaper produced by Garrison

American Anti-Slavery Society

• The leading abolitionist organization

Gag Resolution

• Declared that every discussion over slavery in Congress would be tabled

Elijah Lovejoy

• An abolitionist journalist who was murdered

Soujourner Truth 

• Abolitionist, former slave, and women’s rights advocate

Frederick Douglass

• Former slave, spoke and wrote very eloquently, and is a famous abolitionist

Free Soil Party

• Opposed slavery in new territories

Ostend Manifesto

• Plan to annex Cuba and make it into a slave state

Harriet Tubman

• Was crucial in the Underground Railroad and helped rescue enslaved people

Harriet Beecher Stowe

• Author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, brought awareness to the North about slavery

Brooks vs. Sumner

• Violent clash over slavery in which Brooks beat Sumner in front of the Senate (1856)

John Brown

• Led the raid on Harper’s Ferry, a white man who died for abolition

"Bleeding" Kansas

• Violent clashes over Kansas’ slavery status

Dred Scott decision

• Declared that enslaved people were not citizens but instead property

Lecompton Constitution

• Declared that even if Kansas voted for abolition it would still have slaves 

Lincoln Douglas debates

• A senate race that Douglas wins, discusses concerns over slavery

Freeport Doctrine

• Douglas’ view that popular sovereignty should take precedence over federal rules

Election of 1860

• Lincoln wins with 40% popular vote and 60% of the electoral college, leads to Southern secession 

Crittenden Compromise

• The last attempt to stop the Civil War

Secession

• The South leaves the Union which marks the start of the Civil War.

Fort Sumter

• First Civil War battle location, 1861

Trent Affair

• Diplomatic crisis with Britain over arrests

Lincoln suspends habeas corpus

• Gives military the necessary power to silence rebels

Homestead Act

• Free land for settlers during the war

Alabama

• Confederate commerce ship built by Britain

Bull Run

• First major Civil War battle, 1861

Monitor vs. Merrimac

• Ironclad naval battle, revolutionized war ships

Antietam

• Bloodiest single day in US history, first big victory for the Union

Emancipation Proclamation

• Freed the slaves in the Confederacy territory

Gettysburg

• Turning point in the war, Union Victory, many deaths

McClellan

• A union general who Lincoln later replaces 

Election of 1864

• Lincoln is reelected, ensures Union victory

Appomattox

• Robert E. Lee surrenders effectively ending the Civil War

Lincoln's assassination

• John Wilkes Booth kills Lincoln

Thirteenth Amendment

• Abolished slavery in the United States

Freedman's Bureau

• The agency that aided freed slaves post-war

Lincoln 10% plan

• 10% of the South had to take an oath of loyalty to rejoin the Union

Johnson plan

• Continued Lincoln’s plan, was lenient on the south

Wade Davis Bill

• Radical Reconstruction plan that Lincoln vetoed during his presidency

Radical Republicans

• Advocated for strict Reconstruction and rights on the South

Black Codes

• Laws limiting African American freedoms

Tenure of Office Act

• Restricts presidents removal of officals

Fourteenth Amendment

• Granted African Americans citizenship and equal protection

Fifteenth Amendment

• Allowed all males to vote regardless of race

ex-parte Merriman

• Court case challenging the habeas corpus suspension

KKK

• White supremacist group who terrorized African Americans

Seward's Folly

• Purchase of Alaska, was viewed as a waste

Force Acts

• Protected rights, helping slow/stop KKK activities

carpetbaggers

• Northerners who exploited Southern Reconstruction

scalawags

• Southern whites who supported reconstruction policies, who were seen as traitors