MNG 3204: Foundation of Business Intelligence

Problems with Traditional File Environment

• Data redundancy and inconsistency.
• Program-data dependence.
• Lack of flexibility.
• Poor security.
• Lack of data sharing and availability.

Database Management System (DBMS)

• Software to centralize data, manage efficiently, and provide access.
• Acts as interface between applications and physical data files.
• Examples:
  • MySQL
  • PostgreSQL
  • Microsoft Access
  • SQL Server
  • Oracle

Relational Database Operations

• Select: Creates a subset of records meeting criteria.
• Join: Combines tables for more information.
• Project: Creates subset of columns.

Designing Databases

• Requires conceptual and physical design.
  • Conceptual (Logical) Design: Abstract model from business perspective.
  • Physical Design: How data is arranged on storage devices.

Data Models

• Conceptual Data Model: High-level representation for business side.
• Logical Data Model: Detailed depiction for technical perspective.
• Physical Data Model: Specific to application and DBMS, used by both technical and business sides.

Normalization

• Streamlines data to minimize redundancy.

Data Warehouse

• A database storing current and historical data for decision-making.
• Consolidates data from various operational systems.

Structured Query Language (SQL)

• Used for accessing and manipulating databases.