MNG 3204: Foundation of Business Intelligence

Problems with Traditional File Environment

• Data redundancy and inconsistency.

• Program-data dependence.

• Lack of flexibility.

• Poor security.

• Lack of data sharing and availability.

Database Management System (DBMS)

• Software to centralize data, manage efficiently, and provide access.

• Acts as interface between applications and physical data files.

• Examples:

  • MySQL

  • PostgreSQL

  • Microsoft Access

  • SQL Server

  • Oracle

Relational Database Operations

• Select: Creates a subset of records meeting criteria.

• Join: Combines tables for more information.

• Project: Creates subset of columns.

Designing Databases

• Requires conceptual and physical design.

  • Conceptual (Logical) Design: Abstract model from business perspective.

  • Physical Design: How data is arranged on storage devices.

Data Models

• Conceptual Data Model: High-level representation for business side.

• Logical Data Model: Detailed depiction for technical perspective.

• Physical Data Model: Specific to application and DBMS, used by both technical and business sides.

Normalization

• Streamlines data to minimize redundancy.

Data Warehouse

• A database storing current and historical data for decision-making.

• Consolidates data from various operational systems.

Structured Query Language (SQL)

• Used for accessing and manipulating databases.