MNG 3204: Foundation of Business Intelligence

Problems with Traditional File Environment

  • Data redundancy and inconsistency.
  • Program-data dependence.
  • Lack of flexibility.
  • Poor security.
  • Lack of data sharing and availability.

Database Management System (DBMS)

  • Software to centralize data, manage efficiently, and provide access.
  • Acts as interface between applications and physical data files.
  • Examples:
    • MySQL
    • PostgreSQL
    • Microsoft Access
    • SQL Server
    • Oracle

Relational Database Operations

  • Select: Creates a subset of records meeting criteria.
  • Join: Combines tables for more information.
  • Project: Creates subset of columns.

Designing Databases

  • Requires conceptual and physical design.
    • Conceptual (Logical) Design: Abstract model from business perspective.
    • Physical Design: How data is arranged on storage devices.

Data Models

  • Conceptual Data Model: High-level representation for business side.
  • Logical Data Model: Detailed depiction for technical perspective.
  • Physical Data Model: Specific to application and DBMS, used by both technical and business sides.

Normalization

  • Streamlines data to minimize redundancy.

Data Warehouse

  • A database storing current and historical data for decision-making.
  • Consolidates data from various operational systems.

Structured Query Language (SQL)

  • Used for accessing and manipulating databases.