Overview of Topics

Unit 1: Matter

• Observations (p. 2)

• Properties of Matter (p. 2)

• Experiments (p. 3)

• Metric System (p. 4)

• Density (p. 5)

• Atoms and the Periodic Table (p. 6)

Unit 2: Life on Earth

• Plate Tectonics (p. 8)

• Weather and Climate (p. 10)

• Biomes and Adaptations (p. 11)

• Cell Structure (p. 12)

Unit 3: Disaster Preparedness

• Earthquakes and Volcanoes (p. 14)

• Disaster Preparedness (p. 15)

• Circulatory System (p. 16)

• Respiratory System (p. 17)

• Nervous System (p. 19)

Unit 1: Matter Observations

Key Terms

• Quantitative: Measurements involving numbers.

• Qualitative: Descriptive observations without numbers.

Skills

• Ability to make detailed qualitative and quantitative observations.

• Identify whether an observation is qualitative, quantitative, or both.

Practice

1. Choose an Object: Make 5 quantitative and 5 qualitative observations.

2. Classify Observations:

   • a. "The chair is blue." - Qualitative

   • b. "The cube weighs 1.3 kg." - Quantitative

   • c. "The textbooks are heavy." - Qualitative

   • d. "The cylinders are round and smooth." - Qualitative

Properties of Matter

Key Terms

• Matter: Anything that has mass and occupies space.

• Intrinsic Property: Does not change with the amount of material.

• Extrinsic Property: Changes with the amount of material.

• Density: Mass divided by volume.

• Buoyancy: Ability to float in a fluid.

Skills

• Describe matter using properties.

• List and categorize different properties.

Practice

1. Intrinsic/Extrinsic Properties:

   • Buoyancy - Intrinsic

   • Density - Intrinsic

   • Mass - Extrinsic

   • Texture - Extrinsic

   • Temperature - Extrinsic

   • Malleability - Extrinsic

2. Discuss the importance of intrinsic properties in identifying materials.

Experiments

Key Terms

• Independent Variable: What is changed in an experiment?

• Dependent Variable: What is measured.

• Controlled Variables: Factors kept the same.

Skills

• Identify variables in experiments.

• Explain the importance of controlled variables.

Practice

1. JoAnn's Study:

   • Independent Variable: Type of food.

   • Dependent Variable: Energy levels.

   • Four Controlled Variables: Amount of food, amount of water, time of day, amount of sleep.

2. Design an Experiment: Study tomato plant growth based on soil type.

   • Independent Variable: Type of soil.

   • Dependent Variable: Number of tomatoes.

Density

Key Terms

• Density: Mass per unit volume.

• Buoyancy: The ability to float based on density.

Skills

• Calculate and interpret density.

• Use density to identify materials.

Practice

1. Density Formula: Density = Mass/Volume

2. If an object has a density of 1.53 kg/L, it will not float in water.

3. Object Density Calculations: Complete a table with given mass and volume data to calculate and identify materials.

Metric System

Key Terms

• Base Unit: Standard units for measurement (gram, meter, liter).

• Prefix: Modifiers that reflect the size (kilo-, milli-, etc.).

Skills

• Identify metric prefixes and convert between units.

Practice

1. Fill in the Metric Scale.

2. Unit Conversion Problems.

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Key Terms

• Atom: Basic unit of matter.

• Molecule: Two or more atoms bonded together.

• Subatomic Particles: Protons, neutrons, electrons.

Skills

• Identify atomic structures and charges of subatomic particles.

• Use the periodic table for element identification.

Practice

1. Label an Atom Diagram.

2. Identify Elements, Molecules, and Compounds.

3. Explain HONC 1234 in terms of bonding.

Unit 2: Life on Earth - Plate Tectonics

Key Terms

• Plate Boundary: Interface between tectonic plates.

• Convection: Movement in fluids due to temperature differences.

Skills

• Describe Earth's interior structure.

• Explain convection currents and their effect on tectonic plate movement.

Practice

1. Complete a Table with plate boundaries and associated geological features.

2. Label Earth's Layers in a diagram.

Weather and Climate

Key Terms

• Climate: Average weather over time.

• Weather: Short-term atmospheric conditions.

Skills

• Explain differences between climate and weather.

• Understand formation of convection currents in the atmosphere.

Practice

1. Draw Convection Currents.

2. Define Climate and Weather with real-world examples.

Biomes and Adaptations

Key Terms

• Biome: Large ecological areas with distinct climate and life.

• Adaptation: Traits that improve survival in specific environments.

Skills

• Describe major biomes and their characteristics.

Practice

1. Analyze a Climatograph and infer conditions.

2. Describe plant and animal adaptations to the rainforest biome.

Cell Structure

Key Terms

• Organelle: Specialized structures within cells.

• Prokaryote/Eukaryote: Cell types with distinct characteristics.

Skills

• Identify differences between plant and animal cells.

Practice

1. Compare Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration through a table.

2. Explain the importance of these processes in cells.

Disaster Preparedness

Key Terms

• Scene Size Up: Initial assessment of an emergency situation.

• Disaster Kit: Collection of essential supplies for emergencies.

Skills

• Describe the importance of disaster preparedness in emergencies.

Practice

1. Simulated Scenario Response: Detail actions in a gym emergency.

2. Identify Injured Body Systems and treatment approaches.