PSYC3102_5312 normality activity week 11

Overview of Blood Pressure Measurements

• The data records blood pressure measurements taken at four different times: 8am, 8:30am, 1pm, and 6pm, as well as descriptive statistical details and normality tests.

Descriptives Statistics

Blood Pressure Before Mindfulness Activity (8am)

• Mean: 12.66

• Standard Error: .217

• 95% Confidence Interval:

  • Lower Bound: 12.22

  • Upper Bound: 13.10

• 5% Trimmed Mean: 12.71

• Median: 13.00

• Variance: 1.644

• Standard Deviation: 1.282

• Minimum: 10

• Maximum: 14

• Range: 4

• Interquartile Range: 3

• Skewness: -0.372

• Kurtosis: -1.288

Blood Pressure Immediately After Activity (8:30am)

• Mean: 10.46

• Standard Error: .111

• 95% Confidence Interval:

  • Lower Bound: 10.23

  • Upper Bound: 10.68

• 5% Trimmed Mean: 10.43

• Median: 10.00

• Variance: .432

• Standard Deviation: .657

• Minimum: 9

• Maximum: 12

• Range: 3

• Interquartile Range: 1

• Skewness: 0.496

• Kurtosis: 0.064

Blood Pressure at 1pm

• Mean: 11.03

• Standard Error: .267

• 95% Confidence Interval:

  • Lower Bound: 10.49

  • Upper Bound: 11.57

• 5% Trimmed Mean: 11.03

• Median: 11.00

• Variance: 2.499

• Standard Deviation: 1.581

• Minimum: 9

• Maximum: 13

• Range: 4

• Interquartile Range: 4

• Skewness: -0.002

• Kurtosis: -1.528

Blood Pressure at 6pm

• Mean: 12.03

• Standard Error: .270

• 95% Confidence Interval:

  • Lower Bound: 11.48

  • Upper Bound: 12.58

• 5% Trimmed Mean: 12.03

• Median: 12.00

• Variance: 2.558

• Standard Deviation: 1.599

• Minimum: 10

• Maximum: 14

• Range: 4

• Interquartile Range: 4

• Skewness: -0.095

• Kurtosis: -1.589

Tests of Normality

• Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and Shapiro-Wilk Test results:

  • Blood Pressure Before Activity (8am):

    • KS Statistic: .224, Significance: .000

    • SW Statistic: .844, Significance: .000

  • Blood Pressure Immediately After Activity (8:30am):

    • KS Statistic: .328, Significance: .000

    • SW Statistic: .790, Significance: .000

  • Blood Pressure at 1pm:

    • KS Statistic: .180, Significance: .006

    • SW Statistic: .850, Significance: .000

  • Blood Pressure at 6pm:

    • KS Statistic: .185, Significance: .004

    • SW Statistic: .842, Significance: .000

Histogram and Stem-and-Leaf Plots

Blood Pressure Before (8am)

• Histogram: Mean = 12.66, Std. Dev. = 1.282, N = 35

• Stem-and-Leaf Plot:

  • Stem Width: 1, Each Leaf: 1 case(s)

Blood Pressure After (8:30am)

• Histogram: Mean = 10.46, Std. Dev. = .657, N = 35

• Stem-and-Leaf Plot:

  • Stem Width: 1, Each Leaf: 1 case(s)

Blood Pressure at 1pm

• Histogram: Mean = 11.03, Std. Dev. = 1.581, N = 35

• Stem-and-Leaf Plot:

  • Stem Width: 1, Each Leaf: 1 case(s)

Blood Pressure at 6pm

• Histogram: Mean = 12.03, Std. Dev. = 1.599, N = 35

• Stem-and-Leaf Plot:

  • Stem Width: 1, Each Leaf: 1 case(s)

Normal Q-Q Plots

8am

• Observed values show how data aligns with the expected normal distribution.

8:30am

• Observed values in the Q-Q plot indicate distribution weight and characteristics.

1pm

• Similar analysis continues as with previous times to check for normal distribution.

6pm

• Data checks and visualizations persist for a consistent examination of normality.

Summary of Normality Assessment

• Skewness & Kurtosis for Each Time:

  • Convert skewness and kurtosis to z-scores and compare with 1.96

• Assess Shapiro-Wilks for significance (>.05 indicates normality).

• Histograms should resemble a bell curve.

• Normal Q-Q plots ideally hug the diagonal line.

• Detrended Q-Q plots should illustrate an equal distribution of dots above and below the reference line.