AP World 4.5

• Capital - Material Wealth
• Price Revolution - high rate of inflation, or general rise in prices in the 16th and 17th century.
• Joint-stock companies - Owned by investors who bought stock or shares in them.
• Limited liability - Investor was not responsible for a company’s debts or other liabilities beyond the amount of an investment.
• British East India Company & Dutch East India Company - 17th century Joint-Stock companies
• Triangular trade - Three segments of trade. Europeans goods travel to West Africa, then enslaved Africans go to the Americas, finally sugar and tobacco travels to Europe.
• Asians exhanged silks, porcelain, and steel products for silver
• Monopolies - granted merchants or the government the exclusive right to trade
• The Dahomey and Oyo - conducted slave raids and became richer from selling their captives to Europeans.
• Intergroup warfare became more common and bloodier as a result of the slave trade
• Most slaves came from Ghana and Benin
• Polygyny - Having more than one wife
• American crops were Manioc (cassava/yucca), maize, peanuts; became African Staples
• Spanish and Portuguese erased the basic social structures and many cultural traditions of the indigenous Americans.
• Viceroys - Administrators and representatives of the Spanish crown.
• Audiencias - Royal courts
• Bernardino de Sahagún compiled the Florentine Codex, a source of Aztec life before conquest.
• Syncretism - the combining of different relgious beliefs and practices
• Santeria - way of the saints. African Faith in Cuba
• Vodun - means “spirit” or “deity”. Originated with African peoples of Dahomey, Kongo, and Yoruba enslaved in Haiti.
• Candomblé - “dance to honor the gods”. Combination of Yoruba, Fon, and Bantu belief from different parts of Africa. Developed in Brazil.
• Virgin of Guadalupe - Revered in Mexico for her ability to perform miracles

\