Freewill vs Determinism

Sartre

• No essence

• Humans make themselves who they are

• Existentialism

  • no god

  • We chose our purpose of life

• Existence precedes essence

• Condemned to be free

Freud

• Three parts to the mind

  • Id - conscious - first layer

    • Thoughts and feelings moment to moment

  • Ego - Preconscious mind

    • Surface sense of self

  • Superego - Unconscious mind

    • Puppeteer

• A personality is created from events and experiences of childhood

  • conflicts, interactions

• Punishment and negative reinforcement are not good

• Psychotic people are out of touch with reality

  • They can’t control what they do

Ellis

• Control your own emotions with your beliefs

• Beliefs influence your emotional consequences

• Each person has a different emotional reaction to the same thing

• Irrational beliefs prevent us from achieving freedom

  • Exposure therapy

• Stoicism

  • one can deal with life's problems by changing out attitude about them

  • Be happy all the time

  • Mindset changes

Skinner

• Human freedom is not real and physically impossible

• Positive and negative reinforcements

• Conditioning is done best when unconscious

• You will always be conditioned to make a choice so you have no freedom

  • Environment and genetics control your decisions