IHBB 4 categories

1. Jomo Kenyatta was the founding father of Kenya and its first president from 1964 to 1978. 2. The Second Boer War was a 1899 to 1902 conflict in which the British fought Dutch-speaking settlers in South Africa. 3. The Nubian language is a language of the Christian section of Sudan, whose speakers were deposed by the building of the Aswan High Dam. 1. The First Punic War was a 264 to 241 BCE war that was the first conflict between Rome and Carthage. 2. The Battle of Marathon was a 490 BCE victory for the Greeks over the Persians that gave its name to a modern 26-mile race. 3. Jade is a vibrant green gemstone that was used to create many ancient Chinese artifacts. 4. The Olmec were the earliest known Mesoamerican civilization, inhabiting present-day Mexico. 5. The ancient Egyptians employed a formal writing system called hieroglyphics. 1. The Inca Empire was founded in modern Peru, which had its historical center at Cusco prior to being conquered by Francisco Pizarro (1478-1541). 2. Augusto Pinochet (1915-2006) was the dictator of Chile from 1973 to 1990. He overthrew Salvador Allende in a 1973 coup. 3. Simon Bolivar (1783-1830) was a Venezuelan soldier who led six South American nations to independence from the Spanish Empire. 4. Benito Juárez (1806-1872) was Mexico’s first president of indigenous ancestry, who served from 1858 to 1872. 5. Patagonia is a historical region located in the south of Argentina and Chile. It is home to the Strait of Magellan and north of the Drake Passage. 6. Hugo Chávez (1954-2013) was the president of Venezuela from 2002 until his death in 2013. He was succeeded by the country’s current president, Nicolás Maduro. 7. Belize is the only country in Central America to have English as its official language, as it was a British colony for nearly 200 years. 8. For nearly 50 years, Cuba was ruled by Fidel Castro following his overthrow of Fulgencio Bastista in 1959. 1. The Wounded Knee massacre was an 1890 massacre of Lakota people by the U.S. Army soldiers. 2. Herman Melville’s (1819-1891) experience in the whaling industry informed the content of his 1851 novel Moby-Dick. 3. The Battle of the Bulge was a 1944 World War Two battle that was the final German offensive of the war.