1013CCJ - T1 2024 - Module 2 Summit - Student Version-1
Page 1: Welcome and Reminders
Session Commencement: 2:00 p.m. (AEST)
Reminders:
Keep camera and microphone off unless in small groups or reporting.
Be mindful of netiquette (internet manners).
Session is recorded, including chat.
Instructor: Dr. Lacey Schaefer
Page 2: Module Introduction
Module 2 Summit: Definitions and Measurements for 1013CCJ: Introduction to Criminology and Criminal Justice
Institution: School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
Page 3: Acknowledgement of Country
Recognition of traditional custodians of the land by Griffith University.
Respect paid to Elders, past and present, and all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
Page 4: Apologies
Institution: Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
Page 5: Summit Overview
Overview of the Module 2 Summit at Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
Page 6: Module 2 Content Overview
Key Topics:
Questions?
Module 1: The Criminal Justice System
Module 2:
Defining Crime
Measuring Crime
Course reminders
Page 7: Questions Section
Section dedicated to questions at Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.
Page 8: Module 1 Focus
Overview of the Criminal Justice System at Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
Page 9: Theoretical Underpinnings
Basis of Criminal Justice System: 'social contract'
Exchange of freedoms for rights with an agreement to abide by the law.
Authority to punish for wayward conduct and reliance on various theories for punishment.
Page 10: Criminal Justice System Dynamics
Not a singular 'system'; features:
Separation of powers
Non-integration but alignment
Jurisdictional fragmentation and lack of coordination
Page 11: Components of the Criminal Justice System
Major components:
Police
Courts
Corrections
Affiliated organizations (public/private) and social services
Page 12: Criminal Justice System Processes
Flow of typical processes and outcomes within the criminal justice system:
Offence recognition and investigation stages
Charging, adjudication, and sentencing processes
Possible outcomes (including appeals and community corrections)
Visual summary based on the Productivity Commission 2018 report.
Page 13: Decision-Making in Criminal Justice
Survey results on surprising decision-making actors:
Magistrate or judge: 20.4%
Prosecutor: 7.5%
Public: 7.5%
Other actors: corrections officer, victim, police officer, offender
Page 14: Statistics on Criminal Justice
Workforce and capacity data:
50k+ sworn police officers
17k+ prison officers
100+ custodial correctional facilities
Daily correctional populations: 100k+ (40k+ custodial)
Average costs per prisoner per day: $215
Community corrections population: 60k+ (avg. cost $22)
Corrections system operating at 116% capacity
Page 15: Public Opinion on Criminal Justice
Indermaur & Roberts (2009) study findings:
Confidence in police and court effectiveness and corruption levels.
Corrections: High levels of lack of confidence in rehabilitation and deterrence capabilities.
Page 16: Perceptions of Sentencing
Average citizen perception: sentencing too lenient
Judges and magistrates typically impose harsher punishments than public suggests.
Page 17: Deterrence Insights
Distinction between general and specific deterrence
Statistics demonstrating overestimation of imprisonment effects on crime rates
Recidivism data: 1/4 of detainees re-arrested within three months, 1/2 of ex-prisoners revert to corrections in two years.
Page 18: Module 2 Focus
Title: Defining Crime at Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
Page 19: What Is a Crime?
Definitions of crime:
Dictionary-based
Legal
Harm-based and human rights perspectives
Page 20: Perceptions of Crime Harms
Comparison of harm caused by different substances on individuals and communities:
Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription drugs, Illicit drugs
Page 21: Types of Offences
Distinctions among:
Criminal offenses
Regulatory offenses
Civil offenses
Page 22: Law Origins by State
Overview of criminal law sources in different Australian states and territories:
Criminal codes vs. Common law
Historical context of law drafting by Sir Samuel Griffith in the 1890s.
Page 23: Trends in Criminalisation
Changes in criminalized behaviors driven by:
Social and technological changes
Evolving morality
Campaigns for legal reform
Page 24: Sentencing Purposes and Principles
Key purposes of sentencing:
Retribution, Deterrence (general and specific), Incapacitation, Rehabilitation, Alternative justice forms.
Page 25: Additional Resources
Further details available on Module 2 Meanderings and Musings page
Page 26: Controversies in Sentencing
Discussion points:
Truth in sentencing
Concurrent/suspended sentences
Parole policies
Mandatory vs. discretionary sentencing
Page 27: Module 2 Focus
Title: Measuring Crime at Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
Page 28: Importance of Measurement
Crime measurement influences crime definition, prevention, and responses.
Page 29: Current Opinions on Crime Epidemics
Public opinion poll results regarding ICE epidemic perceptions
Page 30: Community Attention on Rare Offences
Factors driving community focus on rare crimes and moral panic.
Page 31: Understanding Crime Data
Gatekeeping role of community members in the justice system
Explanation of the 'dark figure of crime'
Page 32: Data Sources
Types of crime data:
Administrative, Offender data, Victimization data, Observational data
Page 33: Crime Classification Schemes
Overview of ANZSOC categories including homicide, assault, robbery, etc.
Page 34: Offence Classifications
Variability in definitions and measurements affecting time and place comparisons.
Page 35: Researching Crime
Types of studies:
Quantitative studies
Qualitative studies
Page 36: Course Reminders
Overview of reminders related to upcoming course tasks.
Page 37: Assessment Information
Key assessment details including timelines and requirements for Assessment 1, covering Modules 1, 2, and 3.
Page 38: Next Steps for Students
Preparation steps for assessments and familiarity with course requirements.
Page 39: Questions Section
Open floor for questions at Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.