1013CCJ - T1 2024 - Module 2 Summit - Student Version-1

Page 1: Welcome and Reminders

  • Session Commencement: 2:00 p.m. (AEST)

  • Reminders:

    • Keep camera and microphone off unless in small groups or reporting.

    • Be mindful of netiquette (internet manners).

    • Session is recorded, including chat.

  • Instructor: Dr. Lacey Schaefer

Page 2: Module Introduction

  • Module 2 Summit: Definitions and Measurements for 1013CCJ: Introduction to Criminology and Criminal Justice

  • Institution: School of Criminology and Criminal Justice

Page 3: Acknowledgement of Country

  • Recognition of traditional custodians of the land by Griffith University.

  • Respect paid to Elders, past and present, and all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.

Page 4: Apologies

  • Institution: Griffith University, Queensland, Australia

Page 5: Summit Overview

  • Overview of the Module 2 Summit at Griffith University, Queensland, Australia

Page 6: Module 2 Content Overview

  • Key Topics:

    • Questions?

    • Module 1: The Criminal Justice System

    • Module 2:

      • Defining Crime

      • Measuring Crime

    • Course reminders

Page 7: Questions Section

  • Section dedicated to questions at Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.

Page 8: Module 1 Focus

  • Overview of the Criminal Justice System at Griffith University, Queensland, Australia

Page 9: Theoretical Underpinnings

  • Basis of Criminal Justice System: 'social contract'

  • Exchange of freedoms for rights with an agreement to abide by the law.

  • Authority to punish for wayward conduct and reliance on various theories for punishment.

Page 10: Criminal Justice System Dynamics

  • Not a singular 'system'; features:

    • Separation of powers

    • Non-integration but alignment

    • Jurisdictional fragmentation and lack of coordination

Page 11: Components of the Criminal Justice System

  • Major components:

    • Police

    • Courts

    • Corrections

    • Affiliated organizations (public/private) and social services

Page 12: Criminal Justice System Processes

  • Flow of typical processes and outcomes within the criminal justice system:

    • Offence recognition and investigation stages

    • Charging, adjudication, and sentencing processes

    • Possible outcomes (including appeals and community corrections)

  • Visual summary based on the Productivity Commission 2018 report.

Page 13: Decision-Making in Criminal Justice

  • Survey results on surprising decision-making actors:

    • Magistrate or judge: 20.4%

    • Prosecutor: 7.5%

    • Public: 7.5%

    • Other actors: corrections officer, victim, police officer, offender

Page 14: Statistics on Criminal Justice

  • Workforce and capacity data:

    • 50k+ sworn police officers

    • 17k+ prison officers

    • 100+ custodial correctional facilities

    • Daily correctional populations: 100k+ (40k+ custodial)

    • Average costs per prisoner per day: $215

    • Community corrections population: 60k+ (avg. cost $22)

    • Corrections system operating at 116% capacity

Page 15: Public Opinion on Criminal Justice

  • Indermaur & Roberts (2009) study findings:

    • Confidence in police and court effectiveness and corruption levels.

    • Corrections: High levels of lack of confidence in rehabilitation and deterrence capabilities.

Page 16: Perceptions of Sentencing

  • Average citizen perception: sentencing too lenient

  • Judges and magistrates typically impose harsher punishments than public suggests.

Page 17: Deterrence Insights

  • Distinction between general and specific deterrence

  • Statistics demonstrating overestimation of imprisonment effects on crime rates

  • Recidivism data: 1/4 of detainees re-arrested within three months, 1/2 of ex-prisoners revert to corrections in two years.

Page 18: Module 2 Focus

  • Title: Defining Crime at Griffith University, Queensland, Australia

Page 19: What Is a Crime?

  • Definitions of crime:

    • Dictionary-based

    • Legal

    • Harm-based and human rights perspectives

Page 20: Perceptions of Crime Harms

  • Comparison of harm caused by different substances on individuals and communities:

    • Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription drugs, Illicit drugs

Page 21: Types of Offences

  • Distinctions among:

    • Criminal offenses

    • Regulatory offenses

    • Civil offenses

Page 22: Law Origins by State

  • Overview of criminal law sources in different Australian states and territories:

    • Criminal codes vs. Common law

  • Historical context of law drafting by Sir Samuel Griffith in the 1890s.

Page 23: Trends in Criminalisation

  • Changes in criminalized behaviors driven by:

    • Social and technological changes

    • Evolving morality

    • Campaigns for legal reform

Page 24: Sentencing Purposes and Principles

  • Key purposes of sentencing:

    • Retribution, Deterrence (general and specific), Incapacitation, Rehabilitation, Alternative justice forms.

Page 25: Additional Resources

  • Further details available on Module 2 Meanderings and Musings page

Page 26: Controversies in Sentencing

  • Discussion points:

    • Truth in sentencing

    • Concurrent/suspended sentences

    • Parole policies

    • Mandatory vs. discretionary sentencing

Page 27: Module 2 Focus

  • Title: Measuring Crime at Griffith University, Queensland, Australia

Page 28: Importance of Measurement

  • Crime measurement influences crime definition, prevention, and responses.

Page 29: Current Opinions on Crime Epidemics

  • Public opinion poll results regarding ICE epidemic perceptions

Page 30: Community Attention on Rare Offences

  • Factors driving community focus on rare crimes and moral panic.

Page 31: Understanding Crime Data

  • Gatekeeping role of community members in the justice system

  • Explanation of the 'dark figure of crime'

Page 32: Data Sources

  • Types of crime data:

    • Administrative, Offender data, Victimization data, Observational data

Page 33: Crime Classification Schemes

  • Overview of ANZSOC categories including homicide, assault, robbery, etc.

Page 34: Offence Classifications

  • Variability in definitions and measurements affecting time and place comparisons.

Page 35: Researching Crime

  • Types of studies:

    • Quantitative studies

    • Qualitative studies

Page 36: Course Reminders

  • Overview of reminders related to upcoming course tasks.

Page 37: Assessment Information

  • Key assessment details including timelines and requirements for Assessment 1, covering Modules 1, 2, and 3.

Page 38: Next Steps for Students

  • Preparation steps for assessments and familiarity with course requirements.

Page 39: Questions Section

  • Open floor for questions at Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.

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