Bolsheviks	a group of Russian radicals, led by Vladimir I. Lenin, who played a major role in the 1917 revolution in Russia
communism	a system of government in which there is no private property and there are no economic classes
Red Scare	widespread fear of communism
Palmer Raids	a series of government attacks on suspected radicals in the United States led by the U.S. attorney general, A. Mitchell Palmer
aliens	citizens of another country living in the United States
deportation	being sent back to on'e country of orgin
anarchists	radicals who believe in the destruction of government
Sacco & Vanzetti	In May 1920 two Italian immigrants arrested for armed robbery and murder. These men were anarchists
assembly line	a mass-production process in which a product moved forward through many work stations, where workers performed specific tasks
productivity	the amount of product made by a worker or machine
welfare capitalism	system in which companies provided fringe benefits to employees in an effort to promote worker satisfaction and loyalty
suburbs	smaller towns that are located outside a larger urban area
installment buying	paying for an iteam over a period of time with a series of small payments
credit	a system of borrowing money from banks to make purchases, and then paying it back later with interest
Warren G. Harding	An Ohio senator that ran in the 1920 presidential race. Coined the phrase "normalcy"
Teapot Dome Scandal	a federally owned piece of land in Wyoming; it was the center of a government scandal in 1921 when President Harding's Secretary of the Interior accepted bribes in return for allowing oil companies to drill for oil there in 1921
reparations	payments designed to make up for the damage of something
arms race	a struggle in which competing nations build more and more weapons in an effort to avoid one nation gaining a clear advantage
Kellogg-Briand Pact	a treaty signed in 1928 that rejected war as a means to solving problems between countries

flapper	a young woman in the 1920's who wore her hair bobbed, wore makeup, dressed in flashy, skimpy clothes, and lived a life of independence and freedom
values	the key ideas and beliefs a person holds
fundamentalism	a belief in the literal interpretation of a particular religion's doctrine or holy books
evolution	theory which holds that inderited characteristics of a population change over generations and that as a result of these changes, new species sometimes arise
bootleggers	people who smuggled liquor during the Prohibition
speakeasies	illegal bars where alcohol was served during prohibition
Great Migration	the major relocation of African Americans to northern cities from 1910 and into the 1920's
Harlem Renaissance	a blossoming of African American art and literature that began in the 1920's
Jazz	American music form that blends several different musical forms from the Deep South; often includes improvisation
transatlantic	crossing the Atlantic Ocean

gross national product	the total value of all goods and services produced in the nation
buying on margin	buying stocks with loans from brokers
Federal Reserve System	the nation's centeral bank
Black Tuesday	Tuesday, October 29, 1929, the day that the stock market crashed
hoboes	a homless person, typically one who is traveling in search of work; the term was used widely during the Great Depression
Great Depression	(1929-1930's) the most severe economic downturn in the history of the United States
Foreclosure	when a lender takes over ownership of a property form an owner who has failed to make loan payments
Hoovervilles	makeshift shantytowns that sprung up during the Great Depression; named for President Hoover
drought	a period of very dry weather
Dust Bowl	a nickname for the Great Plains regions hit by drought and dust storms in the early 1930's
Okies	nickname for a farmer who left the Dust Bowl in search of work; many of these farmers were from Oklahoma
associative state	the term for President Hoover's vision of voluntary partnership between business associations and the government
Hoover Dam	a dam built in the 1930's, with funding from the federal government, to control the Colorado River
cooperative	an organization that is owned and controlled by its members, who work together for a common goal
Reconstruction Finance Corporation	a program that provided $2 billion in the direct government aid to struggling banks and other institutions during the Great Depression
Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act	high tariff law that contributed to a global economic turndown in the 1930's

public works	Government-funded building projects that provide jobs
fireside chats	Conversational radio addresses given by Franklin D. Roosevelt
Hundred Days	The first hundred days of Franklin Roosevelt's term as president during which Roosevelt implemented many new programs
subsidy	A government payment that is aimed at achieving some public benefit
New Deal	A plan by President Franklin Roosevelt intended to bring economic relief, recovery, and reforms to the country after the Great Depression
Second New Deal	A new set of programs in the spring of 1935 including additional banking reforms, new tax laws, new relief programs; also known as the Second Hundred Days
Social Security	A system for providing pensions for many Americans age 65 and older
CIO	A group that broke away from the AFL to form the Committee for Industrial Organization; it later changed its name to Congress of Industrial Organizations
sit-down strike	A strike in which workers refuse to work or leave the workplace until a settlement is reached
deficit	When a government spends more money than it takes in
Black Cabinet	Nickname for a group of AFrican Americans Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed to key government positions; they served as unofficial advisors to the president
swing	A type of jazz music popular in the 1930's
minimum wage	The lowest wage an employer can legally pay a worker
incumbent	The person who settles in a new country

History test- Roaring 20s, great depression, and dust bowl