Afghanistan: The Effects of Soviet and American Influence

History

• Afghanistan became an independent monarchy in 1919.

• Kings tried to modernize the country but faced resistance.

• Most aid came from the USSR.

• In 1964, Afghanistan became a constitutional monarchy but remained Soviet-dependent.

Soviet-Afghan War

• Proxy war during the Cold War.

• Soviets supported the Afghan government against the Mujahedeen.

• Mujahedeen received support from the US, Saudi Arabia, UK, Pakistan, Israel, Indonesia, and China.

• The Afghan government received aid from India.

Soviet Intervention

• In the late 1970s, Afghanistan became the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.

• Rebels opposed the government in 1978.

• Soviets invaded in 1979 to support the government against the Mujahedeen.

• Mujahedeen were nationalist freedom fighters