asias unit test

chinese dynasties:

• song dynasty (960-1279 ce): known for technological advancements and landscape painting. fan kuan's travelers among mountains and streams exemplifies daoist reverence for nature​.

• yuan dynasty (1279-1368 ce): mongol rule; artists like zhao mengfu blended calligraphy with landscape painting​.

• ming dynasty (1368-1644 ce): famous for the construction of the forbidden city, symbolic of imperial power and traditional chinese architecture​.

korean dynasty:

• silla dynasty (57 bce - 935 ce): gold and jade crown reflects the wealth and spiritual significance in silla funerary art​.

japanese dynasty:

• muromachi period (1336-1573 ce): zen buddhism influenced art, as seen in the dry landscape gardens at ryoan-ji​.

architecture:

• treasury of petra (nabataean, 1st century ce): rock-cut facade with greek and roman elements.

• ryoan-ji (kyoto, 15th century ce): karesansui (dry landscape) garden reflecting zen principles​.

• todai-ji (nara, 8th century ce): largest wooden structure housing the great buddha, reflecting chinese influence.

• forbidden city (beijing, ming dynasty): vast palace complex emphasizing hierarchical space for imperial ceremonies​.

paintings:

• night attack on sanjo palace: yamato-e handscroll depicting a historical event with dramatic action and diagonal lines.

• travelers among mountains and streams (fan kuan, song dynasty): towering landscape emphasizing the insignificance of man​.

• great wave off kanagawa (hokusai): dynamic use of woodblock printing and contrasting waves against mount fuji.

• white and red plum blossoms (ogata korin): abstracted landscape with gold leaf and stylized natural forms.

• chairman mao en route to anyuan: propaganda art emphasizing mao’s connection with the working class.

importance of mediums:

• silk: commonly used in chinese scroll paintings for its smooth texture.

• ink: primary medium in east asian calligraphy and paintings.

• woodblock: used in japanese ukiyo-e prints, notably by hokusai.

• scroll: handscrolls for narrative scenes and hanging scrolls for vertical compositions.

• oil paint: introduced later in china through european influence.

• porcelain: ming dynasty vases with cobalt-blue underglaze​.

• yamato-e technique: japanese narrative painting with flat, colorful compositions.

artists:

• hokusai: renowned for woodblock prints, especially the great wave off kanagawa.

• fan kuan: daoist landscape painter of the song dynasty​.

• ogata korin: developed the rinpa style emphasizing decorative elements and abstraction.

funerary practice:

• first qin emperor: terracotta army as a protective force for the afterlife.

• lady dai: han dynasty burial practices with silk banners representing cosmology.

• gold and jade crown: silla dynasty, symbolic of spiritual power and wealth​.

politics:

• communism in china: propaganda art such as chairman mao en route to anyuan.

• sin sukju: portrait representing confucian ideals and political loyalty.

religion/cosmology:

• zen buddhism: minimalistic, meditative gardens like ryoan-ji​.

• chan (chinese) buddhism: influence on ink paintings with expressive brushwork.

• nio guardian figures: protectors at todai-ji temple entrances.

• great buddha in todai-ji: massive bronze statue emphasizing imperial patronage of buddhism.

• david vases: ming dynasty porcelain with daoist motifs​.

• rock landscape gardens: zen dry gardens emphasizing contemplation​.