Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Unit 1 - Full lecture notes-2

Lecture Overview

• Course Title: PHARM211: Applied Science for Pharmacy

• Instructor: Dr. Alan Cameron (Senior Research Fellow)

• Contact Information: alan.cameron@auckland.ac.nz

Course Coordinator

• Prof. Malcolm Tingle: m.tingle@auckland.ac.nz

Course Structure

• **Pharmaceutical Chemistry (4 weeks)

  • Module 1: Spectroscopy

  • Module 2: Structure and Reactivity

  • Module 3: Medicinal Chemistry**

• Content Duration: 12 lectures, 4 labs

Course Details

• Learning Goals:

  • Understand applied principles of physical and organic chemistry as pertains to drugs.

  • Identify and quantify chemicals using spectroscopy.

  • Explore relationships between molecular structure and chemical properties.

  • Modify bioactive molecules for improved drug efficacy.

Lecture Schedule

Week 1

• 03/03/25: Lecture 1 (AC)

• 04/03/25: Lecture 2 (AC)

• 05/03/25: Lecture 3 (AC)

• 06/03/25: Laboratory 1

• 07/03/25: Laboratory 1

Week 2

• 10/03/25: Lecture 4 (AC)

• 11/03/25: Lecture 5 (FL)

• 12/03/25: Lecture 6 (FL)

• 13/03/25: Laboratory 2

• 14/03/25: Laboratory 2

Week 3

• 17/03/25: Lecture 7 (FL)

• 18/03/25: Lecture 8 (FL)

• 19/03/25: Lecture 9 (FL)

• 20/03/25: Laboratory 3

• 21/03/25: Laboratory 3

Week 4

• 24/03/25: Lecture 10 (FL)

• 25/03/25: Lecture 11 (FL)

• 26/03/25: Lecture 12 (FL)

• 27/03/25: Laboratory 4

• 28/03/25: Laboratory 4

Week 5

• 31/03/25: EXIT TEST (08:00 – 10:00)

Assessment Criteria

• Total Weight for Assessment: 34%

  1. Practical (Four lab reports): 16%

  2. Exit test: 18%

• Learning Activities

  • Lecture problems, labs, and exit test formats will encompass changes in 2025: a combination of multiple-choice and short answer questions.

Laboratory Information

Lab Experiments

1. Synthesis of Paracetamol via Beckmann rearrangement.

2. HPLC Determination of ascorbic acid and citric acid in vitamin C tablets.

3. Determination of riboflavin and quinine using fluorescence spectroscopy.

4. Gas-Liquid Chromatography for alcohol content in preparations.

Lab Report Submission

• Reports must be submitted through CANVAS within one week of the lab session.

• Attendance is compulsory for practical sessions.

• Details and resources are available on the CANVAS page.

Spectroscopy Overview

• Topics Covered:

  • Definition of Spectroscopy

  • Interaction of Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) with Matter

  • Spectroscopic Techniques

Types of Spectroscopy

1. UV-Vis Spectroscopy

2. Fluorescence Spectroscopy

3. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

4. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

5. NMR Spectroscopy

Spectroscopy Fundamentals

• What is Spectroscopy?

  • Analysis of interactions between matter and EMR, providing insights into atomic/molecular properties.

• Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR):

  • A form of energy with varying wavelengths and frequencies.

  • Can interact with matter through reflection, transmission, absorption, emission.

Key Concepts

• Beer-Lambert Law:

  • Relationship between absorbance (A), concentration (c), path length (b), and molar absorptivity (ε).

  • A = εbc

  • Applications in quantitative analysis.

• Jablonski Diagram:

• Visual representation of electronic states and transitions, crucial in understanding spectroscopic methods.

Practical Applications

• Techniques like UV-Visible spectroscopy and NMR are essential for determining chemical properties and molecular structure in pharmacology.

• Familiarization with spectroscopic analyzes contributes significantly toward practical pharmacy competencies and drug formulation understanding.