SY

Slides_-_Lute__Guitar__Violin__Updated___1_

Lute Family of Instruments

LUTE

  • Plucked instrument made of wood

  • Originated in the Middle East, known as Al Oud

AL OUD

  • Historical predecessor to the lute

THEORBO

  • Known as Chitarrone

ARCHLUTE

  • Developed in 1600

  • A compromise to the even larger theorbo

Notation Systems

LUTE TABLATURE

  • Example: "Branle de Poicto"

  • Notation written an octave higher than the natural pitch

  • Used for modern transcription (example: Lute 6 VI 4b)

"CYTHARA"

  • Depiction of a 9th-century instrument called Cythara

String Instruments

Fiddle Family

  • VITULA, FIDDLE, VIELLE, VIOL

  • Instruments played with a bow rather than plucked

VIELLE

  • Considered as a precursor to modern bowed instruments

VIOLS

  • Collection includes:

    • Viola da Gamba

    • Viola d'amore

    • Violone

    • ViolBaftarda

    • Italian Lyra debracio

Violin Family

VIOLIN

  • Significant string instrument in Western classical music

ANDREA AMATI

  • Notable luthier from Cremona, Italy

PROMINENT VIOLIN-MAKING FAMILIES

  • Amati

  • Guarneri

  • Stradivari

THE VIOLIN BOW

  • Evolution of the bow since the 17th century

VIOLIN TUNING AND RANGE

  • Critical for performance and composition

Composers and Works

BIAGIO MARINI

  • Composed "Sonata IV for Violin"

HEINRICH BIBER

  • Known for "Rosary Sonatas for Violin"

JOHANN SEBASTIAN BACH

  • Renowned for "Ciaconna from Partita in D Minor for Solo Violin" (1685-1750)