Chapter 1: Plato in the Real City

Thirty Tyrants – The brutal oligarchic regime in Athens that shaped Plato’s political skepticism.

Syracuse – The Greek city where Plato’s attempt at political reform ultimately failed.

Dion – A disciple of Plato who tried to implement his philosophical ideals in governance.

Dionysius I – The tyrant of Syracuse who rejected Plato’s political proposals.

Alfred North Whitehead – Characterized European philosophy as a series of footnotes to Plato.

The Laws – Plato’s final dialogue, which outlines his vision for a regulated and virtuous society.

nomos – Greek term for law or custom; central to creating social order.

nous – Denotes intellect or rational insight essential for just laws.

Hans-Georg Gadamer – Philosopher whose hermeneutics help interpret Plato’s later dialogues.

Law Warden – The official in Plato’s ideal city tasked with educating citizens in virtue.

Aim of law – To guide citizens toward moral excellence and maintain social order.