KP

Unit1 part1

Course Introduction

Organizational Behavior & Human Resource ManagementCourse: BIM 2nd SemesterInstructor: Abhijeet Shrestha

Topics to be Covered

  • Concept of Organizational Behavior

  • Concept of OB system

  • Levels of OB Analysis

  • Contributing Disciplines to the Field of OB

  • Concept of Individual Behavior

  • Individual Behavior as an Input-output System

Introduction to Organizational Behavior

Definition: Study of how individuals/groups act within organizations.Goal: Enhance organizational performance/effectiveness by understanding/manage human behavior.Benefits for Managers: Motivating employees, improving communication, building teams, fostering positive culture.

Organizational Behavior System

Components:

  • People: Individuals' interaction within the organization.

  • Structure: Defines roles and hierarchy.

  • Technology: Tools/systems used.

  • Culture: Shapes values and norms.

Breakdown of OB System Components

  • People: Individuals with varied personalities, skills, backgrounds.

  • Structure: Hierarchy, roles, and responsibilities for interactions.

  • Technology: Tools and systems for work.

  • Culture: Organization's mission, vision, and values shaping behavior.

Levels of OB Analysis

  • Individual Level: Focus on individual behavior (motivation, perception, attitudes).

  • Group Level: Focus on interactions in groups (communication, teamwork, leadership).

  • Organizational Level: Overall dynamics, structure, culture, processes.

Examples of OB Analysis Levels

  • Individual Level: Motivation, perception, attitudes enhance engagement/job satisfaction.

  • Group Level: Understanding interactions build effective teams.

  • Organizational Level: Culture, change, power dynamics improve responsiveness and effectiveness.

Basic Assumptions of OB

  • Individuals Vary: Unique needs, motivations, skills, personalities.

  • Environment Shapes Behavior: Positive environments enhance satisfaction; negative leads to burnout.

  • Behavior Depends on Person/Situation: Performance impacted by role alignment.

  • Free Will: Individuals choose behaviors based on values.

  • Interdisciplinary Nature: Integrates psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, and management.

Contributing Disciplines to OB

  • Psychology: Insights into human behavior, motivation, perception.

  • Sociology: How social structures influence group dynamics.

  • Anthropology: Cultural differences and their effects on behavior.

More Contributing Disciplines

  • Economics: Decision-making processes and organizational structure efficiency.

  • Management: Effective organization management and leadership roles.

  • Communication: Impact of communication on behavior and performance.

Concept of Individual Behavior

Kurt Lewin's Field Theory: Interaction between person and environment.Formula: B = F(P, E) (Behavior as a function of Person and Environment).

Elements of Individual Behavior

  • Person Factors: Genetic traits, learned experiences, motivational factors.

  • Environment Factors: Physical, social environments, organizational climate.

Interaction of Person and Environment

Dynamic Interaction: Behavior influenced by continuous person-environment interaction.Function of Behavior: Function of both personal characteristics and situational factors.

Input-output System of Individual Behavior

Inputs:

  • Biographical Characteristics: Age, gender, education, etc.

  • Personality/Values: Traits and individual values shape approach.

  • Perception: Interpretation influencing behavior.

  • Attitudes: Beliefs and feelings towards work.

  • Motivation: Drives guiding behavior towards goals.

Processes in Input-output System

  • Physiological Processes: Sensory reception, neural transmission, perceptual mechanisms.

Cognitive Processes

  • Cognitive Activities: Thinking, reasoning, decision-making processes that shape responses.

Psychological Processes

  • Emotional Responses: Influence decisions and behaviors.

  • Motivation/Attitudes: Direct behavior towards outcomes.

Outputs of Individual Behavior

  • Performance: Quality and quantity of work produced.

  • Job Satisfaction: Fulfillment and engagement in work roles.

  • Turnover/Absenteeism: Rate of leaving organization and unplanned absences.

  • Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB): Voluntary actions benefiting organization.

  • Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB): Actions harming the organization.

Feedback in OB

Dynamic Process: Enhances ability to interpret environment through performance feedback, contributing to growth and effectiveness.