Unit1 part1

Course Introduction

Organizational Behavior & Human Resource ManagementCourse: BIM 2nd SemesterInstructor: Abhijeet Shrestha

Topics to be Covered

• Concept of Organizational Behavior

• Concept of OB system

• Levels of OB Analysis

• Contributing Disciplines to the Field of OB

• Concept of Individual Behavior

• Individual Behavior as an Input-output System

Introduction to Organizational Behavior

Definition: Study of how individuals/groups act within organizations.Goal: Enhance organizational performance/effectiveness by understanding/manage human behavior.Benefits for Managers: Motivating employees, improving communication, building teams, fostering positive culture.

Organizational Behavior System

Components:

• People: Individuals' interaction within the organization.

• Structure: Defines roles and hierarchy.

• Technology: Tools/systems used.

• Culture: Shapes values and norms.

Breakdown of OB System Components

• People: Individuals with varied personalities, skills, backgrounds.

• Structure: Hierarchy, roles, and responsibilities for interactions.

• Technology: Tools and systems for work.

• Culture: Organization's mission, vision, and values shaping behavior.

Levels of OB Analysis

• Individual Level: Focus on individual behavior (motivation, perception, attitudes).

• Group Level: Focus on interactions in groups (communication, teamwork, leadership).

• Organizational Level: Overall dynamics, structure, culture, processes.

Examples of OB Analysis Levels

• Individual Level: Motivation, perception, attitudes enhance engagement/job satisfaction.

• Group Level: Understanding interactions build effective teams.

• Organizational Level: Culture, change, power dynamics improve responsiveness and effectiveness.

Basic Assumptions of OB

• Individuals Vary: Unique needs, motivations, skills, personalities.

• Environment Shapes Behavior: Positive environments enhance satisfaction; negative leads to burnout.

• Behavior Depends on Person/Situation: Performance impacted by role alignment.

• Free Will: Individuals choose behaviors based on values.

• Interdisciplinary Nature: Integrates psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, and management.

Contributing Disciplines to OB

• Psychology: Insights into human behavior, motivation, perception.

• Sociology: How social structures influence group dynamics.

• Anthropology: Cultural differences and their effects on behavior.

More Contributing Disciplines

• Economics: Decision-making processes and organizational structure efficiency.

• Management: Effective organization management and leadership roles.

• Communication: Impact of communication on behavior and performance.

Concept of Individual Behavior

Kurt Lewin's Field Theory: Interaction between person and environment.Formula: B = F(P, E) (Behavior as a function of Person and Environment).

Elements of Individual Behavior

• Person Factors: Genetic traits, learned experiences, motivational factors.

• Environment Factors: Physical, social environments, organizational climate.

Interaction of Person and Environment

Dynamic Interaction: Behavior influenced by continuous person-environment interaction.Function of Behavior: Function of both personal characteristics and situational factors.

Input-output System of Individual Behavior

Inputs:

• Biographical Characteristics: Age, gender, education, etc.

• Personality/Values: Traits and individual values shape approach.

• Perception: Interpretation influencing behavior.

• Attitudes: Beliefs and feelings towards work.

• Motivation: Drives guiding behavior towards goals.

Processes in Input-output System

• Physiological Processes: Sensory reception, neural transmission, perceptual mechanisms.

Cognitive Processes

• Cognitive Activities: Thinking, reasoning, decision-making processes that shape responses.

Psychological Processes

• Emotional Responses: Influence decisions and behaviors.

• Motivation/Attitudes: Direct behavior towards outcomes.

Outputs of Individual Behavior

• Performance: Quality and quantity of work produced.

• Job Satisfaction: Fulfillment and engagement in work roles.

• Turnover/Absenteeism: Rate of leaving organization and unplanned absences.

• Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB): Voluntary actions benefiting organization.

• Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB): Actions harming the organization.

Feedback in OB

Dynamic Process: Enhances ability to interpret environment through performance feedback, contributing to growth and effectiveness.