Untitled Flashcards Set

AP Biology

Chapter 9 objectives

1. What is the function of cellular respiration?

2. What types of organisms carry out glycolysis?

3. What is the equation for cellular respiration?

4. What are coupled reactions? Describe the role of ATP in coupled reactions.

5. What are redox reactions? How are they important in the breakdown of glucose?

6. Using the above equation, explain which molecule(s) become oxidized and which become reduced.

7. What are the 3 stages of cellular respiration?

8. Where in the cell does glycolysis occur?

9. Does glycolysis require oxygen to occur?

10. Describe the process of phosphorylation. At what steps in glycolysis does phosphorylation occur?

11. What is the function of NADH?

12. What is the purpose of NADH formation in step 6 of glycolysis? What happens to the NADH?

13. Describe how the structure of NADH allows it to carry out its function.

14. What is the total # (gross) of ATP molecules formed during glycolysis, per molecule of glucose? What is the NET gain of ATP per molecule of glucose? Why are these numbers different?

15. What is the final product of glycolysis, and how many are produced per molecule of glucose?

16. How many NADH are produced during glycolysis per molecule of glucose?

17. Describe in detail the structure of mitochondria.

18. Describe the reaction that connects glycolysis and the Kreb’s cycle (also known as the intermediate step) in terms of the following;

    1. # of NADH produced per molecule of glucose

    2. # of CO2 produced per molecule of glucose

    3. What molecule does pyruvate combine with?

    4. What is the final product/molecule produced, and how many of these are formed per molecule of glucose?

19. Describe the first step of the kreb’s cycle.

20. Why is the kreb’s cycle considered a cycle (In other words, IOW, what is regenerated)?

21. How many of the following molecules are produced during the kreb’s cycle per molecule of glucose?

    1. CO2

    2. ATP

    3. NADH

    4. FADH2

22. What happens to the NADH and FADH2 produced during the kreb’s cycle and intermediate step?

23. Why does each molecule of glucose result in TWO turns of the kreb’s cycle?

24. After glycolysis, the intermediate step, and the kreb’s cycle, how many of the following molecules have been produced per molecule of glucose?

    1. ATP, net

    2. CO2

    3. NADH

    4. FADH2

25. What has happened to glucose at this point?