Reproductive system

Scrotum: A pouch of skin that holds and protects the testes and keeps them at the right temperature for sperm production.

Penis: The organ that delivers sperm into the female reproductive system during sexual intercourse.

Testis (plural: testes): Organs that produce sperm and the hormone testosterone.

Epididymis: A tube where sperm mature and are stored after being made in the testes.

Urethra: A tube that carries sperm (mixed with fluids as semen) out of the body through the penis during ejaculation.

Prostate gland: Adds fluid to sperm to help form semen; the fluid nourishes and protects the sperm.

Seminal vesicle: Produces a sugary fluid that provides energy for sperm and is part of semen.

Bladder: Stores urine; not directly part of reproduction, but it shares a connection with the urethra.

Vas deferens: A tube that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra before ejaculation.

Semen: A mixture of sperm and fluids from glands (like the prostate and seminal vesicles) that helps sperm survive and move.

Puberty: The stage of life when a person's body becomes able to reproduce, involving physical and hormonal changes like sperm production in males.

Oocytes: Immature egg cells that develop into ova (eggs) for reproduction.

Uterus: A muscular organ where a fertilized egg implants and grows into a baby.

Cervix: The lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina; it controls entry to and from the uterus.

Vagina: The muscular canal that receives sperm during intercourse and serves as the birth canal.

Follicle: A small sac in the ovary that contains and nourishes a developing oocyte.

Ovum (plural: ova): A mature egg cell ready to be fertilized by sperm.

Oviduct (also called fallopian tube): The tube where the egg travels from the ovary to the uterus; fertilization usually happens here.

Ovary: Organs that produce oocytes (eggs) and female hormones like estrogen.

Polar body: A small cell formed during egg development that usually dies; it helps ensure the ovum has the right amount of genetic material.