Racism: A belief that one race is inherently superior to others, leading to discrimination and
prejudice based on race.
Discrimination: Unjust treatment of different categories of people, often based on race,
gender, age, or other characteristics.
Prejudice: A preconceived opinion or judgment about an individual or group, often without
sufficient knowledge.
Implicit Bias: Unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that affect understanding, actions, and
decisions in an unconscious manner.
Systemic Racism: Policies and practices entrenched in established institutions that
perpetuate racial inequality.
Institutional Racism: Discriminatory practices within and by institutions that disadvantage
people based on their race.
Microaggressions: Everyday, subtle, unintentional, and oftentimes dismissive interactions or
behaviors that reinforce stereotypes or negative perceptions of marginalized groups.
White Privilege: Societal privileges that benefit white people over non-white people, often
without the privilege-holder being aware of it.
Colorism: Discrimination based on skin color, often favoring lighter skin tones over darker
ones within the same racial or ethnic group.
Xenophobia: Fear or hatred of that which is perceived to be foreign or strange, often directed
at people from different countries or cultures.
Cultural Appropriation: The adoption of elements of one culture by members of another
culture, often without permission or understanding, and can perpetuate stereotypes or harm.
Racial Profiling: The practice of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on their
race or ethnicity.
Affirmative Action: Policies designed to increase opportunities for historically marginalized
groups, often in education and employment.
Anti-Racism: Active opposition to racism and promotion of racial equity through advocacy,
education, and policy change.
Intersectionality: A framework for understanding how various forms of inequality and
discrimination (like race, gender, class) intersect and overlap.