Lines of Longitude and Latitude PowerPoint

Introduction

• Presentation designed for engaging learning with animations.

• Important to view in ‘slide show mode’ for correct formatting.

• Encouragement to utilize website resources.

Invisible Lines of the Earth

• Key topics: Lines of Longitude and Latitude.

• Overview of quality standards related to the presentation.

Learning Objective

• To identify key geographical concepts:

  • Latitude and Longitude

  • The Equator

  • Northern and Southern Hemispheres

  • Tropics of Cancer (23.5° N) and Capricorn (23.5° S)

  • Arctic Circle (66.5° N) and Antarctic Circle (66.5° S)

  • Prime Meridian/Greenwich Meridian and Time Zones.

Latitude and Longitude

• Purpose: Find exact locations on Earth using a grid created by latitude and longitude.

• Lines of Latitude:

  • Circle Earth from east to west, spaced evenly.

  • Measured in degrees, with the Equator at 0°.

  • Areas near the Equator experience high temperatures due to proximity to the Sun.

• Lines of Longitude:

  • Run north and south, known as meridians.

  • Measured in degrees; unlike latitude, they are not equidistant.

Detailed Measurements

• Degrees, Minutes, and Seconds:

  • 1 degree = 60 minutes.

  • 1 minute = 60 seconds.

  • Example: Coordinates notation (e.g., 28°00'N 82°00’W for Florida).

Other Important Lines of Latitude

• Tropics:

  • Tropic of Cancer: 23.5° N

  • Tropic of Capricorn: 23.5° S

  • Area between these lines is referred to as 'the tropics'.

Additional Important Lines of Latitude

• Polar Circles:

  • Arctic Circle: 66.5° N

  • Antarctic Circle: 66.5° S

  • Regions within these circles experience four distinct seasons.

Earth Hemispheres

• Northern Hemisphere: North of the Equator.

• Southern Hemisphere: South of the Equator.

Longitude Explained

• Vertical lines running north-south.

• Prime Meridian: 0°, runs through Greenwich, London.

• Longitude measurements depict locations similarly to latitude.

Locating Places

• Coordinates combine numbers and letters: degrees (°), minutes ('), with orientation (N, S, E, W).

• Example coordinates:

  • Florida: 28°00'N 82°00’W

  • Edinburgh: 55°57'N 03°11'W

  • Canberra: 35°18'S 149°08'E

  • Yamoussoukro: 6°49'N 5°17'W

  • Madrid: 40°25'N 03°42'W

Use of Latitude and Longitude

• Utilized in GPS and map applications for navigation.

• Coordinates function similarly to traditional addresses.

Understanding Time Zones

• Midday defined when the sun is highest.

• Earth rotates 360 degrees in 24 hours, creating time zones.

• Each time zone represents 15 degrees.

• Time variation across the globe (e.g., day in UK = night in Australia).

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

• Base reference for time zones, based on the Greenwich meridian.

• Example: Eastern USA operates at GMT -5 hours.

International Date Line (IDL)

• Opposite side of the planet from Greenwich, impacts calendar days.

World Time Zones Overview

• Visual representation of time zones relative to UTC.

Change of Clocks Activity

• Discuss UK clock changes, remembering strategies, impacts on global time, and frequency of changes.

Review Questions

• Reflect on learned content regarding time zones, latitude and longitude distinctions.

• Discuss geographical terms and factual recall using EARTH acronym:

  • E = Earth turns 15 degrees each hour.

Conclusion

• Overall summary and quality assurance of presentation content.