Definition: A two-generation family unit consisting of a father, mother, and their dependent children.
Theory: Functional Fit Theory
Description: Argued that the nuclear family best fits the needs of modern industrial societies.
TV Shows: "The Simpsons" or "Modern Family" portray typical nuclear family dynamics.
Definition: A family that extends beyond the nuclear family, including grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins.
Theory: The Symmetrical Family
Description: Suggested that family roles are becoming more equal.
Cultural Variations: Extended families common in many Asian cultures.
Recognition: Acknowledgment of various family types beyond the nuclear and extended family.
Theory: The Underclass Theory
Description: Argued that certain family types lead to poverty and social problems.
Types: Same-sex families, single-parent families, blended families, cohabiting couples.
Roles: Reproduction, socialization, economic support, emotional support.
Theory: Four essential functions of the family: sexual, reproductive, educational, economic.
Support: Families providing emotional support during crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.
Divisions: Instrumental (providing) and expressive (nurturing) roles.
Critique: Criticized Parsons for overlooking the importance of women's roles.
Shifts: Changes in gender roles, more men taking on caregiving responsibilities.
Focus: Emphasizes individuals' subjective experiences within families.
Perspective: Studying families from the perspective of individual experiences.
Studies: Impact of divorce on children's emotional well-being.
View: Family structures as diverse, fragmented, and fluid.
Concept: "Liquid Modernity," discussing unstable social institutions like families.
Trend: Rising rates of cohabitation without marriage, challenging traditional structures.
View: Society as a system of interrelated parts maintaining stability.
Emphasis: Structural Functionalism, family's role in socialization.
Observation: Family's role in reproducing cultural values, norms.
View: Family as maintaining inequality, serving ruling class interests.
Concept: Origin of the Family, Private Property, State, linking family to private property.
Critique: Nuclear family seen as perpetuating capitalism, consumerism.
Focus: Unequal power relations between men and women in family, society.
Critique: Patriarchal nature of family in "Sexual Politics."
Studies: Gender pay gap impact on family dynamics.
These flashcards cover key concepts, theorists, contemporary examples, and theories related to "Families & Households." You can use them for studying and reviewing the topic. Let me know if you need more or if there's anything else I can help with!
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My apologies for that oversight! Here are the remaining flashcards based on your study list for "Families & Households":
Emphasis: Traditional family structures for social stability.
Advocacy: Traditional family values, critique of welfare policies.
Debate: Government policies supporting or not supporting traditional family structures.
Trends: Reasons, impact on family life, society.
Work: The Transformation of Intimacy, changing personal relationships.
Shift: Rising rates of cohabitation before marriage, changing attitudes toward divorce.
Trends: Reasons for changes.
Research: Impact of changing birth rates on aging population.
Factors: Decline in birth rates in developed countries due to economic factors, social norms.
Construction: Social construction of childhood, changes in experience.
Work: "Centuries of Childhood," historical changes in perception.
Debates: Children's rights, impact of technology on childhood experiences.
Impact: On family structures, social policies for elderly.
Research: Changing roles of elderly in society.
Focus: Sustainability of pension systems in aging societies.
Inclusions: Child benefits, parental leave, family tax credits.
Program: UK's Tax-Free Childcare scheme for working families.
Involvement: Education policies, child protection laws.
Initiative: Child protection services safeguarding from abuse, neglect.
Inclusions: Pension schemes, healthcare policies.
Implementation: Japan's Long-Term Care Insurance system for aging population.
Evaluation: Effectiveness, unintended consequences, inequalities.
Debate: Critiques of austerity measures impacting welfare support.
Definition: System of beliefs, symbols, practices addressing the sacred.
Definition: Religion as unified system of beliefs, practices.
Variety: Global religious practices such as Buddhism, Islam, Christianity.
Definition: Decline in significance, influence of religion in society.
Defense: "Secularization: In Defence of an Unfashionable Theory."
Evidence: Decline in church attendance, religious affiliation in West.
Description: Small, unconventional religious groups with unique beliefs.
Work: "The Road to Total Freedom," characteristics of cults.
Movement: New religious movements like Scientology, Heaven's Gate.
Description: Religious groups breaking away from larger organizations.
Analysis: Origins, characteristics of religious sects.
Examples: Amish, Jehovah's Witnesses as Protestant sects.
Link: Religious beliefs impacting economic behavior, rise of capitalism.
Concept: Protestant work ethic, capitalism's origins.
Impact: Protestant work ethic influencing economic policies.
Perception: Religion as one of many sources of meaning in diverse society.
Concept: "The Gulf War Did Not Take Place," questioning reality.
Trend: New Age spiritualities, eclectic beliefs in postmodern world.
Description: Large, established religious organizations with formal hierarchies.
Discussion: Bureaucratic nature of churches in "The Sociology of Religion."
Influence: Catholic Church's global presence, organizational structure.
Description: Subgroups within larger religious tradition, distinct beliefs.
Differentiation: Churches vs. denominations in "The Social Teachings."
Varieties: Protestant denominations like Lutheranism, Methodism.
Approach: Surveys, statistical analysis.
Survey: Gallup Polls on religious beliefs, practices.
Approach: Participant observation, interviews.
Study: Ethnographic research of religious communities.
Consideration: Confidentiality, informed consent, researcher bias.
Practice: Ensuring anonymity in religious studies research.
Trends: Religious affiliation, impact on society, politics.
Shifts: Rise of secular humanism, decline in Church of England attendance.
Influence: On development, social change.
Role: Religious charities providing education, healthcare.
Examples: Religious conflicts, role in conflict resolution.
Case: Israeli-Palestinian conflict, interfaith dialogue efforts.
These flashcards cover the remaining topics from your study list for "Families & Households" as well as "Beliefs in Society." They should help you study and review the concepts, theorists, contemporary examples, and theories related to these topics. Let me know if there's anything else I can assist you with!