Frontal Lobe

• Function: Responsible for voluntary movement and executive functions, such as decision-making, planning, and problem-solving.

Motor Cortex

• Function: Converts thoughts into physical actions by coordinating muscle movements.

Parietal Lobe

• Function: Processes sensory perception, including touch, temperature, and spatial awareness.

Sensory Cortex

• Function: Processes information from the senses, such as touch, pain, and body position.

Occipital Lobe

• Function: Specialized for visual processing and interpretation.

Temporal Lobe

• Function: Handles auditory information, memory formation, and emotions.

Auditory Cortex

• Function: Processes and interprets speech and other sounds.

Wernicke’s Area

• Function: Responsible for language comprehension and the ability to understand spoken and written language.

Broca’s Area

• Function: Controls speech production and articulation.

Cerebellum

• Function: Maintains posture, balance, and coordinates voluntary movements.

Brainstem

• Function: Regulates vital functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.

Medulla Oblongata

• Function: Controls involuntary functions such as heart rate, blood flow, and breathing.

Reticular Formation

• Function: Regulates alertness, pain modulation, and facial expressions.

Pons

• Function: Coordinates pain sensation, balance, and movement.

Visual Cortex

• Function: Receives and processes visual information from the eyes.

Corpus Callosum

• Function: Connects the two brain hemispheres, facilitating communication, movement coordination, and visual processing.

Thalamus

• Function: Processes and relays sensory information from all senses except smell.

Hypothalamus

• Function: Regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, and mood-related functions.

Optic Nerve

• Function: Transmits visual information from the eyes to the brain.

Pituitary Gland

• Function: Produces and releases hormones to regulate growth, metabolism, and reproduction.

Medulla

• Function: Links the cardiovascular and respiratory systems for overall regulation.

Olfactory Bulb

• Function: Processes and transmits information about smells.

Hippocampus

• Function: Essential for memory formation and learning.

Prefrontal Cortex

• Function: Manages higher cognitive functions such as reasoning, decision-making, and self-control.