%%The basic needs of a plant are:%%
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%%Plants capture energy from incoming solar radiation and convert it into chemical energy through photosynthesis:%%
6CO2 (g)+ 6H2O(l) → C6H12O6 (s)+6O2 (g)
Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
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Glucose is a carbohydrate. A %%Carbohydrate%% is a molecule that contains only atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of 1:2:1.
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%%Nutrient Adaptations:%% Plants need nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to synthesize proteins, lipids, and other compounds needed in their cells.
Plants have a symbiotic relationship with Mycorrhizal fungi that are attached to their roots. This allows them to extend their surface area and absorb nutrients and water. They give plants nutrients and moisture in the soil in exchange for glucose.
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%%Capturing Light Adaptations:%% Because capturing light is an important process in photosynthesis, plants have developed different methods of maximizing capturing light. For example, some plants adjust the position of their leaves to maximize their exposure to sunlight. This process is called %%phototropism%%.
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%%Protection From Herbivores Adaptations:%% Since plants are primary producers, they are the food source of many species. Since they can’t move away from herbivores, plants produce toxic or bad-tasting substances to keep herbivores away. Others produce tough, hairy, or prickly outer layers.
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%%Gas Exchange Adaptations:%% Plants need gas exchange for cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
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%%Four Types Of Tissues In Plants:%%
TISSUES | DESCRIPTIONS | ROLE |
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Dermal tissues | Two tissue types: epidermis and periderm Outermost cell layers often have thicker cell walls covered with a waxy cuticle | Protect against injury, herbivores, disease, and water loss. |
Vascular tissues | Two tissue types: xylem and phloemXylem—thick-walled cells, dead at maturityPhloem—thin-walled cells, living at maturity | Transport water and nutrients support the plant body |
Ground tissues | Three tissue types: Parenchyma—thin-walled cells, living at maturity, perform photosynthesis Collenchyma—thick-walled cells, living at maturity Sclerenchyma—cells with lignin in their cells walls, dead at maturity | Perform cellular processes to support growth and development (parenchyma and collenchyma)Store carbohydrates, especially starch (parenchyma)Support and protect plant body (collenchyma and sclerenchyma) |
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%%Three Major Groups Of Vascular Plants:%%
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%%Other Plant Characteristics:%%
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