06 to 07 - Review of Related Literature & Plagiarism

Review of Related Literature

• Analysis and synthesis of articles related to the topic being studied.

• Process:

  • Searching relevant articles

  • Reading and analyzing research reports

  • Ethical and based on standards description on topic

Purpose of Literature Review

1. Identify a research problem of interest.

2. Improve research questions or hypothesis.

3. Discover what are known and unknown about the topic.

Types of Literature

1. Research Literature

   • Based on research findings.

     • Ex: Journal articles, literature reviews, abstract of research studies.

2. Non-research References

   • Not based on research findings

     • Ex: Literary or artistic works, opinion articles, brochures, magazines, anecdotes.

Sources of Research Literature

1. Primary Source

   • Descripted studies written by researchers themselves.

     • Ex: Researches published in journals, dissertations, thesis, undergraduate researches.

2. Secondary Source

   • Written by someone else, other than researchers.

     • Ex: Literature review, abstract by reviewer, presentation done by someone else other than researcher.

Literature Review Process

1. Search relevant articles.

2. Read and analyze research reports.

3. Ethical and based standard writted description of existing informations.

What is Citation?

• Signpost and acknowledgement.

• Appear in different formats: within the text, at the bottom of the page, or at the end of the paper.

Proper Citing Sources

1. Implicit

   • Statement (Author, Year).

     • blablablabla (Xu & Wang, 2006)

2. Explicit

   • Author (Year) Verb Statement

     • Taylor and Todd (1995) suggested that blablablabla

   • Verb Author (Year) Statement

     • As suggested by Taylor and Todd (1995) blablabla

Plagiarism

• Plagiarism is stealing.

• Using the exact word or ideas without citing the owner.

• Wrongful use of idea or language of another author and presenting them as yours.

5 Types of Plagiarism

1. Plagiarism of Words

   • Using exact words without citing.

2. Plagiarism of Structure

   • Author cited the source, but paraphrased by changing sentence construction.

3. Plagiarism of Ideas

   • Presenting another’s idea as your own without giving credit.

   • Incorrect citation of original owner.

4. Plagiarism of Authorship

   • Submitting a replication of another’s work.

   • Worst type of plagiarism.

5. Plagiarism of Self

   • Use of one’s previous work for a separate assignment.

   • Receiving 2 credits for single output is cheating.

   • Not allowed unless permitted.

How to Prevent Plagiarism

• Ensure you write something new and original.

• Make a contribution by improving opinions.

• Do not fail to give credit where and when it is due.

• Follow American Psychological Association (APA) documentation format.

• Understand that plagiarism is serious offense in the academe.

  • Receive 0 in project

  • Suspension & Expulsion

  • Lose earned degree

  • Fail the course