Four main sources of topics: Theory, Personal experience, Replication, Literature

Researchable topics: have theoretical or practical significance

Non researchable topics: address philosophical or ethical issues

Literature review: Systematic identification, location, and analysis of documents containing information related to the research problem or question

Four stages of conducting a literature review

Identifying key words to guide research

Identifying sources

Abstracting information found in references

Analysing, organising an reporting the literature

Meta-analysis: statistical approach to summarising the results of many studies on the same problem

Effect sizes: the different between the means for the experimental and control group groups in control group standard deviation units

Inductive hypothesis: generalisation made from several observations (qualitative studies)

Deductive hypothesis: derived from theory and aimed at providing evidence to support, expand or contradict aspects of that theory (quantitative studies)