Unit 5 EOC 2

Here’s a clear set of definitions for each of the terms you listed:

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assembly line manufacturing – A method of production in which workers and machines are arranged so that each person performs a specific task repeatedly, speeding up production and lowering costs. Popularized by Henry Ford in the automobile industry.

Ku Klux Klan – A white supremacist organization that terrorized African Americans, immigrants, Catholics, Jews, and others, especially strong in the 1920s during its revival.

Scopes “Monkey Trial” – A 1925 court case in Tennessee where teacher John Scopes was tried for teaching evolution, highlighting the conflict between modern science and traditional religious beliefs.

social norms – The unwritten rules and accepted behaviors within a society or group.

consumerism – A focus on buying and owning goods, often tied to mass production and advertising in the 1920s.

“Lost Generation” – A group of American writers in the 1920s who were disillusioned with traditional values and shocked by the horrors of World War I (e.g., Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald).

speakeasies – Secret, illegal bars that operated during Prohibition when the sale of alcohol was banned.

Dawes Plan – A 1924 plan to help Germany pay reparations after World War I by restructuring its debt and providing U.S. loans.

modernism – A cultural and artistic movement in the early 20th century that emphasized new ideas, innovation, and breaking away from tradition.

standard of living – The level of wealth, comfort, and material goods available to a person or society.

eugenics – A movement that sought to improve the human population by controlling reproduction, often used to justify discriminatory policies.

organized crime – Criminal groups that operate as structured organizations, often profiting from illegal activities like bootlegging during Prohibition.

Teapot Dome Scandal – A 1920s political scandal in which U.S. officials accepted bribes to lease federal oil reserves in Wyoming (Teapot Dome).

flapper – A young woman in the 1920s who defied traditional norms by wearing shorter skirts, bobbing her hair, and embracing independence and new social freedoms.

Palmer Raids – Government raids in 1919–1920 ordered by Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to arrest and deport suspected radicals and anarchists during the Red Scare.

Tin Pan Alley – A district in New York City where many popular songs of the early 20th century were written and published; also refers to the style of popular music from the time.

Great Migration – The movement of millions of African Americans from the rural South to northern cities between 1916 and 1970, seeking jobs and escaping racial oppression.

prohibition – The nationwide ban on the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol in the U.S. (1920–1933).

production efficiency – Producing goods in the least costly and most effective way, often through new technology or streamlined methods like the assembly line.

traditionalism – A belief in maintaining long-established cultural, religious, or social practices, often in opposition to modernism.

Harlem Renaissance – A cultural movement in the 1920s centered in Harlem, New York, celebrating African American art, music, and literature.

Red Scare – Periods of intense fear of communism and radical leftist ideologies in the U.S., especially after World War I (1919–1920).

“Return to Normalcy” – A campaign promise by President Warren G. Harding in 1920 to return the U.S. to pre–World War I conditions, focusing on stability and traditional values.

immigration quotas – Laws that set limits on the number of immigrants allowed into the U.S., often favoring northern and western Europeans (e.g., Immigration Act of 1924).

Jazz – A style of music developed by African American musicians in the early 20th century, characterized by improvisation, syncopation, and strong rhythms.

Jim Crow – Laws and practices that enforced racial segregation in the American South from the late 1800s to the mid-1900s.

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Would you like me to also organize these into categories (like culture, politics, society, economy) so they’re easier to study?